Trending in Physics
2605.03474Toward a Community Roadmap for High Energy Physics and Artificial Intelligence in China and Beyond
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming scientific research and has become central to many data-intensive disciplines. High Energy Physics (HEP), with its vast data volumes, complex theoretical structures, and precision-driven methodologies, lies at a particularly fertile intersection with modern AI. In this document, we present a community-informed overview of AI+HEP development in China and beyond, motivated in part by discussions at the 2025 Quantum Computing and Machine Learning Workshop in Qingdao, Shandong Province. We briefly review current AI activities across experimental, phenomenological, and theoretical HEP, along with key aspects of the research ecosystem. This work does not aim to represent the entire community, but rather reflects a partial and evolving snapshot informed by discussions and perspectives gathered from members of the broader AI+HEP community. We hope it serves as an initial roadmap to inform future coordinated efforts and to lay the groundwork for a more comprehensive community white paper.
2605.03474
May 2026High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
The Fate of Nucleated Black Holes in de Sitter Quantum Gravity
The Euclidean Nariai geometry has long been proposed as the instanton describing the nucleation of maximal-mass black holes in de Sitter space. We place this interpretation on firmer footing by showing that, once an observer is included, the gravitational path integral produces the imaginary phase required for a transition rate. As a warmup, we revisit the Hawking-Moss instanton and, as a byproduct, find that scalar fields can enhance black-hole nucleation, suggesting a quantum-gravity bound on scalar potentials with de Sitter solutions. We then study the subsequent semiclassical evolution of the nucleated black hole. We show that the previously claimed "anti-evaporation" channel is unphysical, arising from a quantum state with singular horizons. In a smooth state, the black hole instead undergoes standard thermal Hawking evaporation. We verify explicit agreement with the no-boundary state and argue that this evaporation is not subject to large quantum-gravity corrections. The nucleated black hole thus evaporates completely back to the maximally-entropic empty de Sitter vacuum, making the full process a Boltzmann fluctuation.
2605.03015
May 2026High Energy Physics - Theory
Emergent strings, holography, and cosmology from four-fermion interactions: a bottom-up derivation of AdS/CFT, dS/CFT, and $w_{1+\infty}$
We derive holographic duality from first principles starting from the $(1+1)$-dimensional Gross-Neveu (GN) model with $N$ fermion species and a local quartic interaction, without assuming any string or geometric input. Using a Bargmann-Wigner scheme, the competition between chiral condensation $Δ_0=\langle\barψψ\rangle$ and spin-1 pairing $Δ_1=\langle\barΦ_1Φ_1\rangle$ defines an emergent radial coordinate $z=m^{-1}(Δ_1/Δ_0^2-1)^{1/2}$; local fluctuations of this ratio, tracked by a comoving derivative, generate the AdS$_3$ line element via the enhanced large-$N$ species dispersion; the condensate competition \emph{is} the extra dimension. From this single mechanism the complete AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence emerges: Newton's constant, the Virasoro algebra ($c=2N^2$), D1-branes with open strings, open/closed T-duality, the Hagedorn/BKT transition, and the BTZ black hole whose horizon circumference is quantised in Planck units by individual vortex nucleation events. Analytic continuation $z\to iζ$ across the chiral critical point realises the Strominger dS/CFT conjecture microscopically. Six constraints identify the emergent string as Type IIB on AdS$_3\times S^3\times\mathcal{M}_4$, with emergent worldsheet $\mathcal{N}=(1,1)$ supersymmetry, NS/R spectral flow, and GSO projection. Extension to the $(2+1)$d NJL model yields AdS$_4$/CFT$_3$, a dS$_4$/CFT$_3$ realisation, and a structural identification of the $w_{1+\infty}$ celestial algebra. Extension to the $(3+1)$d NJL model yields AdS$_5$/CFT$_4$ and holographic QCD with chiral symmetry breaking and linear Regge trajectories $M_s^2=4(s+1)Λ_\mathrm{QCD}^2$, capturing the correct QCD infrared physics from a four-fermion interaction.
2603.27824
Mar 2026High Energy Physics - Theory
The elliptic three-loop integrals of hadronic vacuum polarization in chiral perturbation theory
This work presents a detailed account of the Feynman integrals required for the three-loop hadronic vacuum polarization calculation performed in arXiv:2510.12885. We explain how to compute each of the three-loop integrals, and outline the mathematical framework underlying their evaluation. This culminates in a practical numerical implementation that enables fast and accurate evaluation of these integrals for arbitrary complex values of the photon virtuality.
2603.15252
Mar 2026High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
An End-to-end Architecture for Collider Physics and Beyond
We present, to our knowledge, the first language-driven agent system capable of executing end-to-end collider phenomenology tasks, instantiated within a decoupled, domain-agnostic architecture for autonomous High-Energy Physics phenomenology. Guided only by natural-language prompts supplemented with standard physics notation, ColliderAgent carries out workflows from a theoretical Lagrangian to final phenomenological outputs without relying on package-specific code. In this framework, a hierarchical multi-agent reasoning layer is coupled to Magnus, a unified execution backend for phenomenological calculations and simulation toolchains. We validate the system on representative literature reproductions spanning leptoquark and axion-like-particle scenarios, higher-dimensional effective operators, parton-level and detector-level analyses, and large-scale parameter scans leading to exclusion limits. These results point to a route toward more automated, scalable, and reproducible research in collider physics, cosmology, and physics more broadly.
2603.14553
Mar 2026High Energy Physics - Phenomenology