Algebraic varieties, schemes, moduli spaces, and complex geometry
2604.04762We say that a locally nilpotent derivations $δ$ is maximal if there are no inequivalent locally nilpotent derivations that commute with $δ$. The paper gives a description of isotropy groups of maximal homogeneous locally nilpotent derivations on affine toric varieties and on certain trinomial hypersurfaces. Moreover, the criteria for homogeneous locally nilpotent derivations to be maximal were obtained for these classes of varieties.
A degree $d$ genus $g$ cover of the complex projective line by a smooth irreducible curve $C$ yields a vector bundle on the projective line by pushforward of the structure sheaf. We classify the bundles that arise this way when $d = 6$. Interestingly, our methods show that all constraints on the pushforward are ``explained'' by multiplication in an algebra. Finally, we show that all possible pushforwards are realized by covers with a nontrivial proper subcover.
2604.04682We prove gap theorems for entropy norms on automorphism groups of K3 surfaces, Enriques surfaces, and irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds. We also study the achirality of automorphisms of K3 surfaces and Enriques surfaces in terms of genus-one fibrations.
2604.04472In this paper, we investigate the relations among various results concerning the minimal resolution of cyclic quotient singularities of the form $\mathbb{C}^2/G$. We refer to these as "bamboo-type" singularities, since the dual graphs of the exceptional curves in their resolutions resemble the shape of bamboo. We present classical results on the minimal resolution of singularities, the $G$-Hilbert scheme, the generalized McKay correspondence, deformations of singularities, and quiver varieties. These results have been obtained independently in different contexts, and here we provide a unified exposition enriched with numerous examples, which we hope will serve as a useful guide to the study of two-dimensional cyclic singularities. Moreover, this survey aims to offer insights that may inspire generalizations to non-cyclic singularities and to higher-dimensional quotient singularities.
2604.04449We formulate and prove a Riemann--Hilbert correspondence between two categories: wild difference modules and wild Stokes-filtered $\mathscr{A}_{\rm{per}}$-modules. This correspondence is motivated by the Riemann--Hilbert correspondence for germs of meromorphic connections in one variable due to Deligne--Malgrange. It also generalizes the Riemann--Hilbert correspondence for mild difference modules.
2604.04355Let $pi:X\toΔ$ be a one-parameter degeneration whose central fiber $X_0$ has a single ordinary double point. The nearby- and vanishing-cycle formalism determines a canonical perverse sheaf on $X_0$, obtained from the variation morphism and fitting into an extension of the intersection complex by a point-supported rank-one contribution. We study this object from the perspective of limiting mixed Hodge theory and Saito's theory of mixed Hodge modules. In the ordinary double point case, we show that the corrected perverse object is the unique minimal Verdier self-dual perverse extension of the shifted constant sheaf across the node, and that its rank-one singular contribution and the corresponding rank-one vanishing contribution in the limiting mixed Hodge structure arise from the same nearby-cycle formalism. We also formulate the analogous structural statements for multi-node degenerations and for more general stratified singular loci. Finally, we explain how Saito's divisor-gluing formalism provides the natural framework for a fuller mixed-Hodge-module refinement of these constructions.
2604.04337Let K be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We study the tame isotropy group Tame_D(K[X,Y]) of locally finite derivations of the polynomial ring K[X,Y], using Van den Essen's classification up to conjugation. For each normal form, we explicitly determine the corresponding tame isotropy group. We then compare Tame_D(K[X,Y]) with the tame isotropy group of the associated exponential automorphism exp(D), and prove that these groups always coincide. This stands in contrast to the behaviour of the full automorphism group, where such an equality may fail for derivations with a nontrivial semisimple part.
2604.04317Using the relative de Rham stack for a family $X \to S$ in characteristic $p,$ we reprove the (local and global) Ogus-Vologodsky equivalence. Moreover, we observe that a lift of $S$ is not necessary. Instead, we use a lift of $X$ to the second Witt vectors of $S.$ The main ingredient is that, for a quasi-syntomic family $X/S,$ the relative de Rham stack admits a structure of a torsor over $X'$ which is the analogue of the Azumaya property of the algebra of differential operators. This can be applied to families of (reasonable) algebraic stacks, which gives rise to a logarithmic version of the Cartier equivalence. Along the way, we also obtain a decompleted version of the global Cartier equivalence.
2604.04008We construct shifted symplectic derived enhancements on rigidified moduli spaces of sheaves on Calabi-Yau varieties of dimension at least two. More generally, we prove that any $B\mathbb{G}_m$-action on a non-positively-shifted symplectic derived Artin stack is Hamiltonian. We provide a symplectic rigidification functor as the left adjoint to the trivial action functor in symplectic categories with Lagrangian correspondences. We also descend the Lagrangian correspondence of short exact sequences of sheaves to rigidified moduli spaces.
We prove that the moduli stack of all reduced $n$-pointed curves is ``closely connected" in characteristic zero, in the sense that each irreducible component of the stack intersects the component of smoothable curves. We achieve this by performing a detailed study of Ishii's territories, moduli schemes parametrizing reduced curve singularities together with a normalization map. We give explicit equations for territories, bound their dimensions, describe certain functoriality properties, and study the action of several groups on territories. Along the way, we prove the existence of nonsmoothable reduced curve singularities in new ranges, generalizing work of Mumford, Pinkham, Greuel, and Stevens.
A line bundle on a curve with two marked points can be special in many ways, as measured by the global sections of all of its twists by these points. All of this information is conveniently packaged into a permutation, which we call the transmission permutation. We prove that when twice-marked curves are chained together, these permutations are composed via the Demazure product; in reverse, bundles with given permutation can be enumerated via reduced decompositions of a permutation. This paper demonstrates the utility of transmission permutations by giving a short derivation of the basic dimension bounds of both classical Brill--Noether theory and Hurwitz--Brill--Noether theory in a unified framework. The difference between the two cases derives from taking permutations in either symmetric groups or affine symmetric groups.
2604.03879In this article, we establish a strategy to the abundance conjecture for Kähler varieties via induction on algebraic dimension. Our strategy is to reduce the abundance conjecture for Kähler varieties to the abundance conjecture for projective varieties using the algebraic reduction fibration. In dimension 4, we apply our inductive strategy to obtain some cases of the abundance conjecture for Kähler fourfolds that are not algebraic or have trivial $K_X$.
2604.03845We provide a categorical and algebro-geometric treatment of localization for cohomological theories admitting an open-closed recollement. Starting from a class on a space whose restriction to the open complement vanishes, we show that the natural output of the formalism is, in general, not a distinguished localized class on the closed locus, but rather a torsor of supported refinements; a canonical local term arises only once an additional uniqueness or concentration principle is imposed. We establish excision, Cartesian base change, proper pushforward, and compatibility with external products under explicit hypotheses governing the interaction between product constructions and exceptional pullback. We also prove a factorization result showing that any assignment of local terms already compatible with the localization triangle must necessarily take its values in this torsor. When supplemented by Verdier duality and the appropriate orientation data, the resulting localized classes govern local indices and yield global-to-local index formulas. Under purity and concentration, the formalism recovers the familiar Euler-denominator expressions and thereby provides a common categorical framework for Atiyah-Bott-Berline-Vergne type localization, Lefschetz-type decompositions, and certain multiplicative or virtual manifestations arising in equivariant geometry and the geometry of moduli spaces.
2604.03639We study Mordell-Weil rank jumps on families of jacobians of a pencil of genus-2 curves on a K3 surface defined over a number field k. We exhibit a finite extension l/k over which the subset of fibers for which the rank jumps is infinite. Moreover, we describe further geometric conditions on the K3 surface under which the rank jumps on a non-thin set of fibers.
2604.03471Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and $B$ a finitely generated $k$-domain. Given a locally nilpotent derivation $D$ on $B$ admitting a slice $s$, the derivation $\partial=NsD$ ($N\in\mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}$) is semisimple and defines a regular $\mathbb{G}_m$-action on $\mathrm{Spec}(B)$. We show that this derivation provides a new explicit description of the $\mathbb{G}_m$-action introduced by Freudenburg in terms of the infinitesimal generator $\partial=NsD$. In the nice case ($D^2(x_i)=0$ for all generators), we prove a linearizability criterion: the associated $\mathbb{G}_m$-action is linearizable if and only if $D$ is automorphically conjugate to $\partial/\partial x_n$ and the slice becomes affine-linear in the distinguished variable; moreover, this criterion is independent of the choice of slice.
2604.03217We study the Hitchin morphism for higher dimensional varieties and show that, for a certain class of varieties which we call r-small, the set-theoretic image of the Hitchin morphism from the Dolbeault moduli space coincides with the spectral base. In other words, a stronger version of the conjecture of Chen and Ngô holds for this class of varieties, which includes K-trivial varieties. As part of the proof, we slightly modify the construction of spectral covers to obtain normal spectral covers.
We describe the semigroup of the Lipschitz saturation of a complex analytic toric singularity in arbitrary dimension. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a monomial in the normalization to belong to the Lipschitz saturation, in terms of Newton polyhedra and lattice conditions, and deduce a finite algorithm to compute it. We also show that, in dimension greater than two, Campillo's notion of presaturation differs from the Lipschitz saturation, even for complex singularities.
2604.03162We prove a motivic version of the Poisson formula on the adelic points of a split algebraic torus and apply it to the study of the motivic height zeta function of split projective toric varieties, in the context of the motivic Manin-Peyre principle.
2604.03111We construct a stratification of the punctual Hilbert scheme of points on a non-reduced and nodal plane curve, $x^uy^v=0$. Each stratum is indexed by a new combinatorial object we define: a weak diagonal partition. The approach is based on introducing filtrations on ideals, together with a valuation adapted to the non-reduced structure, which allows us to analyze generators and their degrees of freedom in a systematic way. In particular, each stratum is affine when $u=1,2$; and each stratum is isomorphic to an algebraic torus times an affine space, $(\mathbb{C}^*)^{m_1} \times \mathbb{C}^{m_2}$, when $u=v,v-1,v-2$. We consequently compute the Poincaré polynomials of the punctual Hilbert scheme of points on curves $x^uy^v=0$ when $u=1,2,v-2,v-1,v$. As an application, we prove the colored Oblomkov-Rasmussen-Shende conjecture for the Hopf link for $u=1, v$ arbitrary, showing that the Poincaré polynomial is the row-colored link homology up to change of variables.
2604.03062We give an example of proper smooth fourfold over a perfect field k of characteristic p > 0 with asymmetric Hodge--Witt numbers in total degree 3. Our example is sharp both in terms of dimension and total degree. We arrive at our example by computing and approximating the Hodge--Witt cohomology groups of the classifying stack B alpha_p.