Jet fragmentation in e^+e^- annihilation
O. Biebel, P. Nason, B. R. Webber
TL;DR
Jet fragmentation in $e^+e^-$ annihilation analyzes fragmentation functions $F^h(x,s)$ and their scale evolution under perturbative QCD. It covers DGLAP-like evolution, average multiplicities, small-$x$ behavior with ML corrections, large-$x$ resummations, longitudinal-fragmentation structure, gluon fragmentation extraction, and hadronization models (string and cluster). The review also surveys extensive experimental data on identified hadron spectra, flavor dependence, and heavy-quark fragmentation, including charm and bottom, and discusses gluon splitting effects. Overall, the work illustrates how perturbative evolution combined with non-perturbative hadronization models accounts for the observed fragmentation patterns across energies, informing determinations of $\alpha_S$ and fragmentation parameters.
Abstract
A short review of theoretical and experimental results on fragmentation in e^+e^- annihilation is presented. Starting with an introduction of the concept of fragmentation functions in e^+e^- annihilation, aspects of scaling violation, multiplicities, small and large x, longitudinal, gluon, light and heavy quark fragmentation are summarized.