Triply Heavy $Ω$ Baryons with JETHAD: A High-Energy Viewpoint

Abstract

We investigate the leading-power fragmentation of triply heavy $Ω$ baryons in high-energy hadronic collisions. Extending our previous work on the $Ω_{3c}$ sector, we release the full OMG3Q1.0 family of collinear fragmentation functions by completing the description of the charm channel and delivering the novel $Ω_{3b}$ functions. These hadron-structure-oriented functions are constructed from improved proxy-model calculations for heavy-quark and gluon fragmentation, matched to a flavor-aware DGLAP evolution based on the HF-NRevo scheme. For phenomenological applications, we employ the (sym)JETHAD multimodular interface to compute and analyze NLL/NLO$^+$ semi-inclusive $Ω_{3Q}$ plus jet distributions at the HL-LHC and FCC. This work consolidates the link between hadron structure, rare baryon production, and resummed QCD at the energy frontier.

Figures (7)

• Figure 1: Representative leading-order diagrams for the diquarklike proxy model describing the initial-scale collinear fragmentation of a constituent heavy quark (left) and a gluon (right) $\Omega_{3Q}$ baryon. Double lines indicate ${\cal D}$ or $\bar{{\cal D}}$ diquark states, orange blobs denote the nonperturbative hadronization component of the corresponding FFs, and black dots represent scalar diquark form-factor couplings. Diagrams created with JaxoDraw 2.0Binosi:2008ig.
• Figure 2: Factorization-scale dependence of the OMG3Q1.0 NLO FFs describing the ZM-VFNS fragmentation of $\Omega_{3c}$ (left) and $\Omega_{3b}$ (right) rare baryons. The hadron momentum fraction is set to $z = 0.475 \simeq \langle z \rangle$.
• Figure 3: Factorization-scale dependence of the TQ4Q1.1 NLO FFs describing the ZM-VFNS fragmentation of $T_{4c}(2^{++})$ (left) and $T_{4b}(2^{++})$ (right) tensor tetraquarks. The hadron momentum fraction is set to $z = 0.475 \simeq \langle z \rangle$.
• Figure 4: Hybrid collinear factorization for semi-inclusive $\Omega_{3Q}$ plus jet production at hadron colliders. Firebrick ovals represent the collinear FFs for rare baryons. Gray arrows indicate the light-flavored jet. The orange blob denotes the proton collinear PDFs. The BFKL Green's function (blue oval) is linked to the two singly off-shell emission functions via Reggeized gluon lines. Diagram created with JaxoDraw 2.0Binosi:2008ig.
• Figure 5: Rapidity-differential distribution for the semi-inclusive detection of $\Omega_{3b}$ plus jet systems at $\sqrt{s} = 14$ TeV (HL-LHC, left) and $100$ TeV (nominal FCC, right). Ancillary panels below the main plots show the ratio of ${\rm LL/LO}$ or ${\rm HE}\hbox{-}{\rm NLO^+}$ predictions to the ${\rm NLL/NLO^+}$ baseline. The uncertainty bands account for the combined effects of MHOUs and multidimensional phase-space integration. The analysis employs NNPDF4.0 NLO proton PDFs NNPDF:2021uiqNNPDF:2021njg in combination with OMG3Q1.0 NLO FFs for heavy baryons Celiberto:2025_OMG3Q10.