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Making Sense of AI Agents Hype: Adoption, Architectures, and Takeaways from Practitioners

Ruoyu Su, Matteo Esposito, Roberta Capuano, Rafiullah Omar, June Sallou, Henry Muccini, Davide Taibi

Abstract

To support practitioners in understanding how agentic systems are designed in real-world industrial practice, we present a review of practitioner conference talks on AI agents. We analyzed 138 recorded talks to examine how companies adopt agent-based architectures (Objective 1), identify recurring architectural strategies and patterns (Objective 2), and analyze application domains and technologies used to implement and operate LLM-driven agentic systems (Objective 3).

Making Sense of AI Agents Hype: Adoption, Architectures, and Takeaways from Practitioners

Abstract

To support practitioners in understanding how agentic systems are designed in real-world industrial practice, we present a review of practitioner conference talks on AI agents. We analyzed 138 recorded talks to examine how companies adopt agent-based architectures (Objective 1), identify recurring architectural strategies and patterns (Objective 2), and analyze application domains and technologies used to implement and operate LLM-driven agentic systems (Objective 3).

Paper Structure

This paper contains 19 sections, 2 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. AI AGENTS ARCHITECTURES
  2. SIDEBAR: The Analysis Process
  3. Data Collection
  4. Research Objectives
  5. Understanding How Companies Adopt Agent-Based Architectures
  6. Motivation
  7. Architectural factors
  8. Practitioner Experience
  9. Architectural Strategies and Patterns
  10. Strategies
  11. Patterns
  12. Real-World Implementation and Architectural Implications of Agentic Systems
  13. Application Domain Differences
  14. Technologies
  15. TAKEAWAYS
  16. ...and 4 more sections

Figures (2)

  • Figure 1: Timeline of industrial adoption phases for AI agent-based architectures.
  • Figure 2: Compact overview of key architectural strategies and structural patterns identified for Objective 2.