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Repetitive Penrose process in Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black holes

Xiao-Xiong Zeng, Dong-Ping Su, Ke Wang

Abstract

This paper investigates the repetitive Penrose process in Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole, exploring the influence of the deformation parameter on the repetitive Penrose process. After a brief review of the Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole, we study the fundamental equations of the Penrose process in this spacetime, examine the iterative stopping conditions required for the repetitive Penrose process, and obtain the corresponding numerical results. It is concluded that, in addition to previously observed phenomena, under the same decay radius, a larger initial dimensionless deformation parameter $\hatη$ leads to greater values of the energy return on investment and energy utilization efficiency, particularly at higher decay radii. Furthermore, a smaller initial $\hatη$ results in a larger maximum value of the energy return on investment. For energy utilization efficiency, the initial $\hatη$ should take an intermediate value to maximize its peak. Additionally, we find that a larger initial $\hatη$ corresponds to a smaller maximum value of the extracted energy.

Repetitive Penrose process in Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black holes

Abstract

This paper investigates the repetitive Penrose process in Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole, exploring the influence of the deformation parameter on the repetitive Penrose process. After a brief review of the Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole, we study the fundamental equations of the Penrose process in this spacetime, examine the iterative stopping conditions required for the repetitive Penrose process, and obtain the corresponding numerical results. It is concluded that, in addition to previously observed phenomena, under the same decay radius, a larger initial dimensionless deformation parameter leads to greater values of the energy return on investment and energy utilization efficiency, particularly at higher decay radii. Furthermore, a smaller initial results in a larger maximum value of the energy return on investment. For energy utilization efficiency, the initial should take an intermediate value to maximize its peak. Additionally, we find that a larger initial corresponds to a smaller maximum value of the extracted energy.
Paper Structure (5 sections, 31 equations, 4 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 5 sections, 31 equations, 4 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. The Penrose process in the Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole
  3. Iterative stopping conditions
  4. The repetitive Penrose process in the Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole
  5. Conclusion

Figures (4)

  • Figure 1: Variation of $E_{extractable}/M$, $r_{+}/M$, and $r_{E}/M$ with $\hat{\eta}$ for $a=M$.
  • Figure 2: Variation of the minimum spin lower limits with the decay radius $\hat{r}_p$ for (a) particle 0, (b) particle 1, and (c) particle 2 under different $\hat{\eta}$.
  • Figure 3: Comparison of the minimum spin lower limits for the three particles
  • Figure 4: For different initial $\hat{\eta}$, after the termination of the repetitive Penrose process, variation with the decay radius $\hat{r}_p$ of (a): the energy return on investment $\xi$, (b): the energy utilization efficiency $\Xi$, (c): the extracted energy $E_{{extracted}}/{M_0}$, and (d): the extractable energy $E_{{extractable}}/{M_0}$. Each oscillation in the curves represents a different number of iterations, caused by the iteration conditions and reflecting the discrete nature of the iteration.