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Enabling mmWave Communications with VCSEL-Based Light-Emitting Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces

Rashid Iqbal, Dimitrios Bozanis, Dimitrios Tyrovolas, Christos K. Liaskos, Muhammad Ali Imran, George K. Karagiannidis, Hanaa Abumarshoud

Abstract

This paper proposes a light-emitting reconfigurable intelligent surface (LeRIS) architecture that integrates vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) to jointly support user localization and mmWave communication. By leveraging the directional Gaussian beams and dual-mode diversity of VCSELs, we derive a closed-form method for estimating user position and orientation using only three VCSEL sources. These estimates are then used to configure LeRIS panels for directional mmWave beamforming, enabling optimized wave propagation in programmable wireless environments. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves millimeter-level localization accuracy and maintains high spectral efficiency. These findings establish VCSEL-integrated LeRIS as a scalable and multifunctional solution for future 6G programmable wireless environments.

Enabling mmWave Communications with VCSEL-Based Light-Emitting Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces

Abstract

This paper proposes a light-emitting reconfigurable intelligent surface (LeRIS) architecture that integrates vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) to jointly support user localization and mmWave communication. By leveraging the directional Gaussian beams and dual-mode diversity of VCSELs, we derive a closed-form method for estimating user position and orientation using only three VCSEL sources. These estimates are then used to configure LeRIS panels for directional mmWave beamforming, enabling optimized wave propagation in programmable wireless environments. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves millimeter-level localization accuracy and maintains high spectral efficiency. These findings establish VCSEL-integrated LeRIS as a scalable and multifunctional solution for future 6G programmable wireless environments.
Paper Structure (8 sections, 2 theorems, 35 equations, 4 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 8 sections, 2 theorems, 35 equations, 4 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. System Model
  3. VCSELs Channel Modeling
  4. mmWave Channel Modelling
  5. localization through VCSEL based LeRIS
  6. LeRIS-based Communication
  7. Simulation Results
  8. Conclusion

Key Result

Proposition 1

The UE position $\mathbf{r}$ and orientation $\mathbf{n}$ can be uniquely determined from three VCSELs if each emits sequentially in two distinguishable optical modes with known $\{P_{t,i}^{(m)}, w_{0,i}^{(m)}, z_{R,i}^{(m)}\}$ for $m\!\in\!\{a,b\}$, the VCSEL locations are non-collinear, and the un

Figures (4)

  • Figure 1: Programmable Wireless environment with VCSEL-based LeRIS panels.
  • Figure 2: $\Delta d$ versus azimuth angle for different values of $L$.
  • Figure 3: $R$ versus SNR for various numbers of LeRIS panels.
  • Figure 4: $R$ versus $N$ for various numbers of LeRIS panels

Theorems & Definitions (4)

  • Proposition 1
  • Remark 1
  • Remark 2
  • Proposition 2