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Functional Safety Analysis for Infrastructure-Enabled Depot Autonomy System

Gaurav Pandey, Gregory Stevens, Henry Liu

Abstract

This paper presents the functional safety analysis for an Infrastructure-Enabled Depot Autonomy (IX-DA) system. The IX-DA system automates the marshalling of delivery vehicles within a controlled depot environment, navigating connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) between drop-off zones, service stations (washing, calibration, charging, loading), and pick-up zones without human intervention. We describe the system architecture comprising three principal subsystems -- the connected autonomous vehicle, the infrastructure sensing and compute layer, and the human operator interface -- and derive their functional requirements. Using ISO 26262-compliant Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) methodology, we identify eight hazardous events, evaluate them across different operating scenarios, and assign Automotive Safety Integrity Levels~(ASILs) ranging from Quality Management (QM) to ASIL C. Six safety goals are derived and allocated to vehicle and infrastructure subsystems. The analysis demonstrates that high-speed uncontrolled operation imposes the most demanding safety requirements (ASIL C), while controlled low-speed operation reduces most goals to QM, offering a practical pathway for phased deployment.

Functional Safety Analysis for Infrastructure-Enabled Depot Autonomy System

Abstract

This paper presents the functional safety analysis for an Infrastructure-Enabled Depot Autonomy (IX-DA) system. The IX-DA system automates the marshalling of delivery vehicles within a controlled depot environment, navigating connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) between drop-off zones, service stations (washing, calibration, charging, loading), and pick-up zones without human intervention. We describe the system architecture comprising three principal subsystems -- the connected autonomous vehicle, the infrastructure sensing and compute layer, and the human operator interface -- and derive their functional requirements. Using ISO 26262-compliant Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) methodology, we identify eight hazardous events, evaluate them across different operating scenarios, and assign Automotive Safety Integrity Levels~(ASILs) ranging from Quality Management (QM) to ASIL C. Six safety goals are derived and allocated to vehicle and infrastructure subsystems. The analysis demonstrates that high-speed uncontrolled operation imposes the most demanding safety requirements (ASIL C), while controlled low-speed operation reduces most goals to QM, offering a practical pathway for phased deployment.
Paper Structure (21 sections, 2 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 21 sections, 2 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Related Work
  3. System Architecture & Functional Requirements
  4. Connected Autonomous Vehicle (CAV)
  5. Automatic Obstacle Detection and Collision Avoidance (AODCA)
  6. Vehicle Control Unit
  7. Vehicle Communication System
  8. Infrastructure Sensing and Compute (IX)
  9. Sensor
  10. Prediction
  11. Planning
  12. Communication
  13. Human--Machine Interface (HMI)
  14. Server dashboard
  15. Mobile application for Drivers
  16. ...and 6 more sections

Figures (2)

  • Figure 1: An IX-DA supported depot layout where the movement of vehicles between drop-off lanes, washing bays, calibration stations, charging points, and loading docks can be automated using an IX-DA system. The driver can drop off the empty vehicle in the drop-off zone and pick up a loaded vehicle from the pickup zone
  • Figure 2: A high-level system boundary diagram and the typical communication between the three sub-systems (CAV, IX, HMI).