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Chirp-Based Multi-Device Ambient Backscatter Communication and Sensing Enabled by OFDM-AFDM Symbiotic Radio

Katia Abtouche, Fikiri Salum Uledi, Ayoub Ammar Boudjelal, Muhammad Bilal Janjua, Zinat Behdad, Cicek Cavdar, Hüseyin Arslan

TL;DR

Comprehensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed coexistence scheme effectively mitigates interference without affecting the error rate of the primary link and improves the miss-detection probability performance of the BC, making it a promising candidate for future low-power and interferenceresilient systems.

Abstract

This paper presents a novel symbiotic radio system for integrated sensing and backscatter communication (ISABC) technique that enables signal-domain interference-free coexistence of the primary communication signal and the backscatter communication (BC) signal within the same spectrum. The proposed system design allows simultaneous backscatter devices (BDs) sensing and data transmission without mutual interference by exploiting waveform-domain orthogonality between orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and affine frequency domain multiplexing (AFDM) signals. Specifically, a chirp-based AFDM waveform is adopted due to its inherent processing gain, which enhances the detectability and reliability of the weak backscatter signal while simultaneously supporting high-resolution sensing. Unlike conventional methods that attempt to suppress direct-link interference (DLI), this approach embeds the backscatter transmission within the affine domain while maintaining reliable OFDM-based primary communication. Furthermore, by assigning distinct affine-domain shifts to each backscatter device, the proposed framework inherently suppresses inter-backscatter device interference (IBDI). Comprehensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed coexistence scheme effectively mitigates interference without affecting the error rate of the primary link and improves the miss-detection probability performance of the BC, making it a promising candidate for future low-power and interferenceresilient systems.

Chirp-Based Multi-Device Ambient Backscatter Communication and Sensing Enabled by OFDM-AFDM Symbiotic Radio

TL;DR

Comprehensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed coexistence scheme effectively mitigates interference without affecting the error rate of the primary link and improves the miss-detection probability performance of the BC, making it a promising candidate for future low-power and interferenceresilient systems.

Abstract

This paper presents a novel symbiotic radio system for integrated sensing and backscatter communication (ISABC) technique that enables signal-domain interference-free coexistence of the primary communication signal and the backscatter communication (BC) signal within the same spectrum. The proposed system design allows simultaneous backscatter devices (BDs) sensing and data transmission without mutual interference by exploiting waveform-domain orthogonality between orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and affine frequency domain multiplexing (AFDM) signals. Specifically, a chirp-based AFDM waveform is adopted due to its inherent processing gain, which enhances the detectability and reliability of the weak backscatter signal while simultaneously supporting high-resolution sensing. Unlike conventional methods that attempt to suppress direct-link interference (DLI), this approach embeds the backscatter transmission within the affine domain while maintaining reliable OFDM-based primary communication. Furthermore, by assigning distinct affine-domain shifts to each backscatter device, the proposed framework inherently suppresses inter-backscatter device interference (IBDI). Comprehensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed coexistence scheme effectively mitigates interference without affecting the error rate of the primary link and improves the miss-detection probability performance of the BC, making it a promising candidate for future low-power and interferenceresilient systems.
Paper Structure (25 sections, 59 equations, 12 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 25 sections, 59 equations, 12 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. SYSTEM MODEL
  3. Primary Signal
  4. BD Signal
  5. Received signal
  6. PROPOSED ISABC SCHEME
  7. Pilot and data allocation
  8. Pilot signal in time-domain representation
  9. Pilot signal in frequency-domain representation
  10. BD modulation
  11. Detection and Sensing Performance Analysis
  12. Non-coherent detection for the multi-BD signal
  13. Coherent detection for the primary OFDM signal
  14. Sum-Rate Analysis
  15. Root mean squared error (RMSE) analysis of the estimated range
  16. ...and 10 more sections

Figures (12)

  • Figure 1: The proposed ISAC OFDM-AFDM based symbiotic radio system model.
  • Figure 2: Illustration of the proposed pilot design.
  • Figure 3: Time-domain AFDM pilot signal and its corresponding time-frequency representation with $c_1'$=8.
  • Figure 4: The time-frequency illustration of the incident AFDM signal at the BD with DSK modulation performed by the BDs with $c_1'$=4.
  • Figure 5: The PMD of the backscatter communication vs. SNR with different reflection coefficient of non-coherent detector for the proposed scheme with N=256, $c_1'$=8, $P_{\mathrm{pilot}}$= 21.1 dB, and BD = 3.
  • ...and 7 more figures