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Security-Constrained Substation Reconfiguration Considering Busbar and Coupler Contingencies

Ali Rajaei, Jochen L. Cremer

Abstract

Substation reconfiguration via busbar splitting can mitigate transmission grid congestion and reduce operational costs. However, existing approaches neglect the security of substation topology, particularly for substations without busbar splitting (i.e., closed couplers), which can lead to severe consequences. Additionally, the computational complexity of optimizing substation topology remains a challenge. This paper introduces a MILP formulation for security-constrained substation reconfiguration (SC-SR), considering N-1 line, coupler and busbar contingencies to ensure secure substation topology. To efficiently solve this problem, we propose a heuristic approach with multiple master problems (HMMP). A central master problem optimizes dispatch, while independent substation master problems determine individual substation topologies in parallel. Linear AC power flow equations ensure PF accuracy, while feasibility and optimality sub-problems evaluate contingency cases. The proposed HMMP significantly reduces computational complexity and enables scalability to large-scale power systems. Case studies on the IEEE 14-bus, 118-bus, and PEGASE 1354-bus system show the effectiveness of the approach in mitigating the impact of coupler and busbar tripping, balancing system security and cost, and computational efficiency.

Security-Constrained Substation Reconfiguration Considering Busbar and Coupler Contingencies

Abstract

Substation reconfiguration via busbar splitting can mitigate transmission grid congestion and reduce operational costs. However, existing approaches neglect the security of substation topology, particularly for substations without busbar splitting (i.e., closed couplers), which can lead to severe consequences. Additionally, the computational complexity of optimizing substation topology remains a challenge. This paper introduces a MILP formulation for security-constrained substation reconfiguration (SC-SR), considering N-1 line, coupler and busbar contingencies to ensure secure substation topology. To efficiently solve this problem, we propose a heuristic approach with multiple master problems (HMMP). A central master problem optimizes dispatch, while independent substation master problems determine individual substation topologies in parallel. Linear AC power flow equations ensure PF accuracy, while feasibility and optimality sub-problems evaluate contingency cases. The proposed HMMP significantly reduces computational complexity and enables scalability to large-scale power systems. Case studies on the IEEE 14-bus, 118-bus, and PEGASE 1354-bus system show the effectiveness of the approach in mitigating the impact of coupler and busbar tripping, balancing system security and cost, and computational efficiency.
Paper Structure (32 sections, 19 equations, 10 figures, 4 tables, 1 algorithm)

This paper contains 32 sections, 19 equations, 10 figures, 4 tables, 1 algorithm.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Security-Constrained Substation Reconfiguration (SC-SR) Problem
  3. Problem Statement
  4. Substation Model
  5. The Proposed MILP Formulation
  6. Substations
  7. Generators and loads
  8. Linear AC power flow
  9. Objective
  10. Multi-Master Heuristic Approach
  11. Conventional Benders Decomposition
  12. Master problem
  13. Feasibility sub-problem
  14. Optimality sub-problem
  15. Heuristic Cuts for Benders Decomposition
  16. ...and 17 more sections

Figures (10)

  • Figure 1: Topology in substation Ernestinovo prior to the system split on Jan-2021. The topology was not changed after the planned outage of line Pecs2. Switching the line Pecs1 to busbar 2 would have relieved the coupler and prevented the cascading failures panel2021continental.
  • Figure 2: Schematic of the generalized substation model and different type of contingencies.
  • Figure 3: Flowchart of the proposed heuristic approach with multiple master problems.
  • Figure 4: Schematic of the grid for each master problem: (a) MP for substation i, (b) MP for substation j.
  • Figure 5: Mean and maximum load shedding over coupler and busbar contingencies for the baseline and proposed approach.
  • ...and 5 more figures