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Quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder Black Holes with a Cloud of Strings Surrounded by Perfect Fluid Dark Matter

Faizuddin Ahmed, Allan R. P. Moreira, Abdelmalek Bouzenada

Abstract

In this study, we examine quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder black holes (BHs) embedded within a cloud of strings and immersed in perfect fluid dark matter. Also, beginning with the underlying spacetime geometry, we determine how quantum corrections, string cloud contributions, and dark matter effects alter the geometrical structure and physical characteristics of the BH. Also, the optical behavior is investigated via a systematic analysis of the photon sphere and the associated BH shadow, emphasizing possible observational features capable of differentiating this configuration from classical models. We also analyze the motion of test particles, focusing on how surrounding matter components affect trajectories, stability conditions, and effective potentials. Scalar field perturbations are considered to investigate the BH response to external excitations and to extract information regarding its dynamical properties. In this case, the thermodynamic behavior of the system is studied, including the role of string clouds and dark matter in modifying BH thermodynamic quantities. Also, the obtained results present a unified description of the combined effects of quantum corrections, nonstandard matter sources, and BH physics, with potential relevance for both observational constraints and theoretical modeling of compact objects.

Quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder Black Holes with a Cloud of Strings Surrounded by Perfect Fluid Dark Matter

Abstract

In this study, we examine quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder black holes (BHs) embedded within a cloud of strings and immersed in perfect fluid dark matter. Also, beginning with the underlying spacetime geometry, we determine how quantum corrections, string cloud contributions, and dark matter effects alter the geometrical structure and physical characteristics of the BH. Also, the optical behavior is investigated via a systematic analysis of the photon sphere and the associated BH shadow, emphasizing possible observational features capable of differentiating this configuration from classical models. We also analyze the motion of test particles, focusing on how surrounding matter components affect trajectories, stability conditions, and effective potentials. Scalar field perturbations are considered to investigate the BH response to external excitations and to extract information regarding its dynamical properties. In this case, the thermodynamic behavior of the system is studied, including the role of string clouds and dark matter in modifying BH thermodynamic quantities. Also, the obtained results present a unified description of the combined effects of quantum corrections, nonstandard matter sources, and BH physics, with potential relevance for both observational constraints and theoretical modeling of compact objects.
Paper Structure (10 sections, 48 equations, 12 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 10 sections, 48 equations, 12 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Spherically Symmetric BH with CS and PFDM
  3. Astrophysical Signature of BH
  4. Photon Sphere
  5. BH Shadow
  6. Photon Trajectories
  7. Test Particle Dynamics around BH
  8. Scalar Perturbations of BH
  9. Thermodynamics of BH
  10. Concluding Remarks

Figures (12)

  • Figure 1: The behavior of the metric function as a function of radial distance by varying $\hat{\alpha},\,\lambda$ and $\gamma$.
  • Figure 2: The behavior of the Ricci scalar as a function of radial distance by varying $\hat{\alpha},\,\lambda$ and $\gamma$.
  • Figure 3: The behavior of the Kretschmann scalar as a function of radial distance by varying $\hat{\alpha},\,\lambda$ and $\gamma$.
  • Figure 4: The behavior of the effective potential governing the photon dynamics as a function of the radial distance. Here, the conserved angular momentum is set to $L=1$, and the black hole mass is chosen to be unity for simplicity.
  • Figure 5: Photon sphere radius with $\hat{\alpha}=1.4$.
  • ...and 7 more figures