Geometry-Controlled Work Extraction in a Non-Markovian Quantum Battery

Abstract

We investigate the role of spatial geometry in controlling energy storage and work extraction in a non-Markovian quantum battery. The model consists of two identical two-level systems embedded in a structured waveguide environment, where one qubit acts as the charger and the other as the battery. The relative separation between the qubits introduces a geometry-dependent phase that governs collective interference effects and modulates.

Figures (4)

• Figure 1: Schematic of the physical model: two identical two-level systems separated by a distance $2d$ inside a mirror-terminated one-dimensional waveguide. Qubit 1 acts as the charger (initially excited) and qubit 2 as the quantum battery (initially in the ground state). The spatial phase $k_0 d$ controls collective interference and energy transfer dynamics.
• Figure 2: Time-geometry plot of (a) the internal energy change $\Delta E_B(t)$ and (b) the ergotropy $\mathcal{W}(t)$. The battery is initially in its ground state and the charger excited. The parameters are $\omega_0=1$, $g=0.05\,\omega_0$, $J=-0.005\,\omega_0$, and $\lambda/g=0.02$.
• Figure 3: (a) the internal energy change $\Delta E_B(t)$ and (b) the ergotropy $\mathcal{W}(t)$, as function of $\lambda t$ for different values of geometry parameter. The battery is initially in its ground state and the charger excited. The parameters are $g=0.05\,\omega_0$, $J=-0.005\,\omega_0$, and $\lambda/g=0.02$.
• Figure 4: Geometry and espectral width dependence of quantum battery performance for $J=-0.005\,\omega_0$. (a) Maximum internal energy $\Delta E_B^{\max}$, (b) maximum charging power $\mathcal{P}_B^{\max}$, and (c) maximum ergotropy $\mathcal{W}_B^{\max}$ as functions of the geometric parameter $d/\lambda_0$ and normalized reservoir spectral width $\lambda/g$. Optimal performance occurs at small $\lambda/g$ and geometries supporting constructive collective interference.