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Standards and Safety: an Overview

Luca Dassa

Abstract

This note is intended to provide an overview of the implications of regulations and standards on the safety of mechanical equipment, with a focus on accelerator components. Each research facility has different internal rules and standards which are applicable to specific cases; however, the main reference legal frame in Europe is everywhere based on the applicable European Directives. After a brief introduction to the 'safety' for mechanical systems, the process of 'risk analysis' will be introduced. The majority of this note will then deal with regulations and standards for pressure and cryogenic equipment. The European Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) will be briefly described, together with the concept of 'harmonized standards' and their implications on the entire lifecycle of a pressure equipment, with some hints at the peculiarities of accelerator components. In the second part of this note, regulations and standards for machinery, load-lifting accessories and buildings will be briefly mentioned to complete the picture of the most common cases in an accelerator facility.

Standards and Safety: an Overview

Abstract

This note is intended to provide an overview of the implications of regulations and standards on the safety of mechanical equipment, with a focus on accelerator components. Each research facility has different internal rules and standards which are applicable to specific cases; however, the main reference legal frame in Europe is everywhere based on the applicable European Directives. After a brief introduction to the 'safety' for mechanical systems, the process of 'risk analysis' will be introduced. The majority of this note will then deal with regulations and standards for pressure and cryogenic equipment. The European Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) will be briefly described, together with the concept of 'harmonized standards' and their implications on the entire lifecycle of a pressure equipment, with some hints at the peculiarities of accelerator components. In the second part of this note, regulations and standards for machinery, load-lifting accessories and buildings will be briefly mentioned to complete the picture of the most common cases in an accelerator facility.
Paper Structure (18 sections, 13 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 18 sections, 13 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Safety: an introduction
  2. Risk analysis
  3. European Rules and Directives
  4. Pressure and cryogenic equipment
  5. Examples at CERN
  6. European Pressure Equipment Directive (PED)
  7. Technical and harmonized standards
  8. Materials
  9. Design
  10. Manufacturing
  11. Inspection and tests
  12. Safety devices
  13. Technical documentation
  14. Accelerator components
  15. Machinery
  16. ...and 3 more sections

Figures (13)

  • Figure 1: Failure Pictures of Pressure vessels [1]
  • Figure 2: An industrial crane collapsed at Dales Park Industrial estate Peterhead, Aberdeenshire [2]
  • Figure 3: CO2 dumper manufactured at CERN (with affixed CE marking)
  • Figure 4: DQW crab cavity for HL-LHC
  • Figure 5: Extract from PED for vessels storing gaseous fluids in Group 2 [4]
  • ...and 8 more figures