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More uses for Thermal Models

Natasha Sharma, Lokesh Kumar, Sourendu Gupta

Abstract

We explore combinations of particle and anti-particle yields which can be used to test thermal models in a parameter free way. We also explore combinations which can be used to extract $μ_B/T$, $μ_S/T$ and $μ_Q/T$. We use experimentally measured particle-antiparticle specific ratios for proton $p$, $Λ$, and cascade $Ξ$, for $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = $ 7.7-39 GeV from RHIC BES phase-1 to extract the $μ_{B,S,Q}/T$. These compared well with published STAR freeze-out parameters. These combinations are verified to predict a similar combination of $Ω$ and $\overlineΩ$ yields. We also extend this idea to predict (anti-)nuclei yields at energies where they are not measured. We also update parametrizations for the $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ dependence of freeze-out parameters $T$ and $μ_B$, and present for the first time a similar parametrization of $μ_S$.

More uses for Thermal Models

Abstract

We explore combinations of particle and anti-particle yields which can be used to test thermal models in a parameter free way. We also explore combinations which can be used to extract , and . We use experimentally measured particle-antiparticle specific ratios for proton , , and cascade , for 7.7-39 GeV from RHIC BES phase-1 to extract the . These compared well with published STAR freeze-out parameters. These combinations are verified to predict a similar combination of and yields. We also extend this idea to predict (anti-)nuclei yields at energies where they are not measured. We also update parametrizations for the dependence of freeze-out parameters and , and present for the first time a similar parametrization of .
Paper Structure (11 sections, 10 equations, 7 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 11 sections, 10 equations, 7 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Using the statistical thermal model
  3. Data and analysis details
  4. Test of thermalization
  5. Results
  6. Centrality dependence of chemical potential ratios
  7. Validation using $R_\Omega$
  8. Energy dependence of $R_p$, $R_\Lambda$ and $R_\Xi$
  9. Energy extrapolations of freeze-out parameters
  10. Extension to light nuclei and anti-nuclei prediction
  11. Conclusions

Figures (7)

  • Figure 1: Double ratios of various particles as given in Eq. (\ref{['eq:lpxk']}) displayed as functions of the energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$.
  • Figure 2: Extracted $\mu_B/T$, $\mu_S/T$, and $\mu_Q/T$ ratios as a function of number of participating nucleons $\langle N_{\rm{part}} \rangle$ in various energies. Lines represent the linear fits to the data points.
  • Figure 3: Extracted $\mu_B/T$ and $\mu_S/T$ ratios at different energies and their comparison with the published freeze-out parameters STAR:2017sal.
  • Figure 4: Verification of $R_\Omega$ predicted by Eq. (\ref{['eq:observables']}). The quantity is computed from experimentally measured $\Omega$ and $\overline{\Omega}$ yields, while the $\cosh$ is obtained using the chemical potential ratios obtained using Eqs. (\ref{['eq:P']}--\ref{['eq:X']}).
  • Figure 5: Energy dependence of ratios $R_p$, $R_\Lambda$, and $R_\Xi$ obtained from published hadron yields E-802:1998xumAhmad:1991nvAlbergo:2002tnAhmad:1998sgE917:2001ekoNA49:2006gajNA49:2008ysvSTAR:2017salAbelev:2008ab. Measurements (plotted as points) are compared with model predictions (the smooth curves) obtained using Eqs. (\ref{['eq:P']}--\ref{['eq:X']}).
  • ...and 2 more figures