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Broadband High-Speed Dual-Comb Spectroscopy Enabled by a Dynamic 1550 nm Bidirectional Dissipative Soliton Fiber Laser

Mingjun Wang, Zhangru Shi, Anshuang Wang, Bowen Li

Abstract

We report a high-energy, bidirectional, dissipative soliton mode-locked fiber laser operating in the 1550 nm normal-dispersion regime. By leveraging intracavity dispersion management and a Lyot filtering mechanism, the laser achieves flat-top optical spectra with 10-dB bandwidths exceeding 20 nm in both directions. Single-pulse energies of 2.7 nJ and 1.5 nJ are achieved for the clockwise and counter-clockwise directions, respectively. Furthermore, the all-fiber configuration exhibits superior noise performance and inherent common-mode noise suppression. To facilitate broadband and high-speed dual-comb spectroscopy, we employ a dynamic repetition rate difference control technique via pump power modulation, enabling zero-crossing dynamic scanning. This approach achieves a spectral measurement bandwidth of approximately 16 nm at an acquisition rate of 500 Hz. Compared to static operation, this represents a nearly two-order-of-magnitude improvement in acquisition speed and achieves a fivefold measurement bandwidth beyond the Nyquist aliasing limit. Experimental results demonstrate that the system maintains robust coherence even under dynamic modulation. By implementing a phase-correction algorithm, a mutual coherence time of 0.5 s is successfully achieved, yielding a spectral resolution exceeding 7.2 GHz. This work fills a gap in high-energy dissipative soliton dual-comb sources at 1550 nm and provides an ideal solution for low-cost, high-sensitivity dual-comb spectroscopy requiring both broad bandwidth and high speed.

Broadband High-Speed Dual-Comb Spectroscopy Enabled by a Dynamic 1550 nm Bidirectional Dissipative Soliton Fiber Laser

Abstract

We report a high-energy, bidirectional, dissipative soliton mode-locked fiber laser operating in the 1550 nm normal-dispersion regime. By leveraging intracavity dispersion management and a Lyot filtering mechanism, the laser achieves flat-top optical spectra with 10-dB bandwidths exceeding 20 nm in both directions. Single-pulse energies of 2.7 nJ and 1.5 nJ are achieved for the clockwise and counter-clockwise directions, respectively. Furthermore, the all-fiber configuration exhibits superior noise performance and inherent common-mode noise suppression. To facilitate broadband and high-speed dual-comb spectroscopy, we employ a dynamic repetition rate difference control technique via pump power modulation, enabling zero-crossing dynamic scanning. This approach achieves a spectral measurement bandwidth of approximately 16 nm at an acquisition rate of 500 Hz. Compared to static operation, this represents a nearly two-order-of-magnitude improvement in acquisition speed and achieves a fivefold measurement bandwidth beyond the Nyquist aliasing limit. Experimental results demonstrate that the system maintains robust coherence even under dynamic modulation. By implementing a phase-correction algorithm, a mutual coherence time of 0.5 s is successfully achieved, yielding a spectral resolution exceeding 7.2 GHz. This work fills a gap in high-energy dissipative soliton dual-comb sources at 1550 nm and provides an ideal solution for low-cost, high-sensitivity dual-comb spectroscopy requiring both broad bandwidth and high speed.
Paper Structure (3 sections, 1 equation, 4 figures)

This paper contains 3 sections, 1 equation, 4 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Experimental setup and results
  3. Conclusion

Figures (4)

  • Figure 1: (a) Experimental setup of the 1550 nm high-energy bidirectional all-fiber mode-locked laser. (b) Transmission spectrum of the intracavity Lyot filter. (c) Optical spectra of the bidirectional mode-locking state. (d) Pulse trains in the time domain under bidirectional mode-locking. (e) RF spectra of the bidirectional laser output. WDM, wavelength division multiplexer; EDF, erbium-doped fiber; PC, polarization controller; DCF, dispersion-compensating fiber; PBS, polarization beam splitter; CW, clockwise; CCW, counterclockwise;
  • Figure 2: Static noise characterization of the 1550 nm dual-comb laser. (a) Relative intensity noise (RIN) and (b) phase noise spectra under bidirectional mode-locking. (c) Long-term stability of the repetition rates. (d) Frequency noise PSD for the repetition rates in the clockwise (CW, red) and counter-clockwise (CCW, blue) directions, and their difference.
  • Figure 3: (a) Experimental setup for the DCS system with dynamic repetition rate difference control. (b) Schematic concept of the dynamic repetition rate difference modulation. PID, proportional-integral-derivative controller; LPF, low-pass filter; PD, photodetector; OC, optical coupler; AWG, arbitrary waveform generator; BPF, band-pass filter; SUT, sample under test; PC, polarization controller; BPD, balanced photodetector; DAQC, digital acquisition card;
  • Figure 4: (a) Temporal IGMs of the DCS system under dynamic modulation. (b) and (c) Optical spectra retrieved via FFT of the IGMs generated during the forward and backward scanning processes, respectively. (d) Comparison between single-shot and coherently averaged temporal IGMs. (e) SNR as a function of the number of coherent averages; the dashed red line represents the theoretical linear trend. (f) Microresonator transmission spectra obtained with varying numbers of coherent averages.