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Intent-driven Diffusion-based Path for Mobile Data Collector in IoT-enabled Dense WSNs

Uma Mahesh Boda, Mallikharjuna Rao Nuka

TL;DR

The results demonstrate that ID2P2 consistently outperforms representative baselines, achieving up to 25-30% reduction in tour completion time and travel overhead, approximately 10-30% improvement in data freshness, and 15-30% gains in energy efficiency and packet delivery performance, while maintaining higher throughput and fairness as network density increases, confirming its robustness and scalability for WSNs.

Abstract

Mobile data collection using controllable sinks is an effective approach to improve energy efficiency and data freshness in densely deployed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, existing path-planning methods are often heuristic-driven and lack the flexibility to adapt to high-level operational objectives under dynamic network conditions. In this paper, we propose ID2P2, a intent-driven diffusion-based path planning framework for jointly addresses rendezvous point selection and mobile data collector (MDC) tour construction in IoT-enabled dense WSNs. High-level intents, such as latency minimization, energy balancing, or coverage prioritization, are explicitly modeled and incorporated into a generative diffusion planning process that produces feasible and adaptive data collection trajectories. The proposed approach learns a trajectory prior that captures spatial node distribution and network characteristics, enabling the MDC to generate paths that align with specified intents while maintaining collision-free and energy-aware operation. Extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed framework against conventional path-planning baselines. The results demonstrate that ID2P2 consistently outperforms representative baselines, achieving up to 25-30% reduction in tour completion time and travel overhead, approximately 10-30% improvement in data freshness, and 15-30% gains in energy efficiency and packet delivery performance, while maintaining higher throughput and fairness as network density increases, confirming its robustness and scalability for WSNs.

Intent-driven Diffusion-based Path for Mobile Data Collector in IoT-enabled Dense WSNs

TL;DR

The results demonstrate that ID2P2 consistently outperforms representative baselines, achieving up to 25-30% reduction in tour completion time and travel overhead, approximately 10-30% improvement in data freshness, and 15-30% gains in energy efficiency and packet delivery performance, while maintaining higher throughput and fairness as network density increases, confirming its robustness and scalability for WSNs.

Abstract

Mobile data collection using controllable sinks is an effective approach to improve energy efficiency and data freshness in densely deployed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, existing path-planning methods are often heuristic-driven and lack the flexibility to adapt to high-level operational objectives under dynamic network conditions. In this paper, we propose ID2P2, a intent-driven diffusion-based path planning framework for jointly addresses rendezvous point selection and mobile data collector (MDC) tour construction in IoT-enabled dense WSNs. High-level intents, such as latency minimization, energy balancing, or coverage prioritization, are explicitly modeled and incorporated into a generative diffusion planning process that produces feasible and adaptive data collection trajectories. The proposed approach learns a trajectory prior that captures spatial node distribution and network characteristics, enabling the MDC to generate paths that align with specified intents while maintaining collision-free and energy-aware operation. Extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed framework against conventional path-planning baselines. The results demonstrate that ID2P2 consistently outperforms representative baselines, achieving up to 25-30% reduction in tour completion time and travel overhead, approximately 10-30% improvement in data freshness, and 15-30% gains in energy efficiency and packet delivery performance, while maintaining higher throughput and fairness as network density increases, confirming its robustness and scalability for WSNs.
Paper Structure (9 sections, 7 equations, 3 figures, 2 algorithms)

This paper contains 9 sections, 7 equations, 3 figures, 2 algorithms.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. System model and Problem formulation
  3. The proposed ID$^2$P$^2$ Framework
  4. Heuristic RP Location Selection
  5. Diffusion-Based Path Construction
  6. Illustrations through an Example
  7. Time complexity Analysis
  8. Experiments and Results
  9. Conclusions

Figures (3)

  • Figure 1: A general view of a IoT-enabled dense Wireless Sensors Networks, with multiple rendezvous points along with a single base station and mobile data collector;
  • Figure 2: Performance evaluations in WSN #1 (a) tour completion time, (b) tour length, (c) travel-only time, (d) total dwell time, (e) data freshness, (f) data collection ratio, (g) packet delivery ratio, (h)energy efficiency, (i) throughput, (j) fairness index
  • Figure 3: Performance evaluations in WSN #2 (a) tour completion time, (b) tour length, (c) travel-only time, (d) total dwell time, (e) data freshness, (f) data collection ratio, (g) packet delivery ratio, (h)energy efficiency, (i) throughput, (j) fairness index