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Radar Operating Metrics and Network Throughput for Integrated Sensing and Communications in Millimeter-wave Urban Environments

Akanksha Sneh, Shobha Sundar Ram

TL;DR

The paper addresses the challenge of jointly enabling radar sensing and millimeter-wave communications in urban ISAC systems. It couples a stochastic-geometry radar model with a time-multiplexed ISAC throughput framework, deriving integral expressions for the probability of false alarm $\mathcal{P}_{fa}$ and probability of detection $\mathcal{P}_{d}$ using Gil-Pelaez inversion and PPP-based clutter characterization, and linking radar performance to network throughput through a duty cycle parameter $\xi$. The authors show how transmit power, bandwidth, duty cycle, clutter, and target RCS influence $\mathcal{P}_{fa}$ and the achievable throughput $\gamma$, providing design insights for balancing sensing accuracy and communication service time. The work advances practical ISAC performance analysis in complex urban mmWave environments and highlights the trade-offs inherent in adapting beamwidth and duty cycle to maximize overall system efficiency.

Abstract

Millimeter wave integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems are being researched for next-generation intelligent transportation systems. Here, radar and communication functionalities share a common spectrum and hardware resources in a time-multiplexed manner. The objective of the radar is to first scan the angular search space and detect and localize mobile users/targets in the presence of discrete clutter scatterers. Subsequently, this information is used to direct highly directional beams toward these mobile users for communication service. The choice of radar parameters such as the radar duty cycle and the corresponding beamwidth are critical for realizing high communication throughput. In this work, we use the stochastic geometry-based mathematical framework to analyze the radar operating metrics as a function of diverse radar, target, and clutter parameters and subsequently use these results to study the network throughput of the ISAC system. The results are validated through Monte Carlo simulations.

Radar Operating Metrics and Network Throughput for Integrated Sensing and Communications in Millimeter-wave Urban Environments

TL;DR

The paper addresses the challenge of jointly enabling radar sensing and millimeter-wave communications in urban ISAC systems. It couples a stochastic-geometry radar model with a time-multiplexed ISAC throughput framework, deriving integral expressions for the probability of false alarm and probability of detection using Gil-Pelaez inversion and PPP-based clutter characterization, and linking radar performance to network throughput through a duty cycle parameter . The authors show how transmit power, bandwidth, duty cycle, clutter, and target RCS influence and the achievable throughput , providing design insights for balancing sensing accuracy and communication service time. The work advances practical ISAC performance analysis in complex urban mmWave environments and highlights the trade-offs inherent in adapting beamwidth and duty cycle to maximize overall system efficiency.

Abstract

Millimeter wave integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems are being researched for next-generation intelligent transportation systems. Here, radar and communication functionalities share a common spectrum and hardware resources in a time-multiplexed manner. The objective of the radar is to first scan the angular search space and detect and localize mobile users/targets in the presence of discrete clutter scatterers. Subsequently, this information is used to direct highly directional beams toward these mobile users for communication service. The choice of radar parameters such as the radar duty cycle and the corresponding beamwidth are critical for realizing high communication throughput. In this work, we use the stochastic geometry-based mathematical framework to analyze the radar operating metrics as a function of diverse radar, target, and clutter parameters and subsequently use these results to study the network throughput of the ISAC system. The results are validated through Monte Carlo simulations.
Paper Structure (13 sections, 20 equations, 7 figures, 1 table)

This paper contains 13 sections, 20 equations, 7 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Radar Signal Model
  3. Estimation of Radar Operating Metrics
  4. Probability of False Alarm
  5. Probability of Detection
  6. ISAC System Model for Throughput Estimation
  7. Numerical Results
  8. Effect of transmitted power on $\mathcal{P}_{fa}$ and $\gamma$
  9. Effect of bandwidth on $\mathcal{P}_{fa}$ and $\gamma$
  10. Effect of duty cycle on $\mathcal{P}_{fa}$ and $\gamma$
  11. Effect of surface clutter coefficient on $\mathcal{P}_{fa}$ and $\gamma$
  12. Effect of RCS of target on $\mathcal{P}_{fa}$ and $\gamma$
  13. Conclusion

Figures (7)

  • Figure 1: System model of integrated sensing and communication framework. Here the dual-functional monostatic radar/communication unit is assumed to be located at the origin. The target indicated by the green diamond is located within the main lobe. There are discrete clutter scatterers represented by the red dots distributed over the entire angular search space $\Omega$.
  • Figure 2: Time-multiplexing of radar and communication functionalities within an ISAC framework.
  • Figure 3: Probability of false alarm and network throughput for different transmitted powers.
  • Figure 4: Probability of false alarm and network throughput for different bandwidths.
  • Figure 5: Probability of false alarm and network throughput for different duty cycles.
  • ...and 2 more figures