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Can UV meet IR in the Swiss cheese?

Madina Abilmazhinova, Diana Kulubayeva, Hrishikesh Chakrabarty, Daniele Malafarina

TL;DR

The paper addresses whether ultraviolet (UV) modifications to regular black hole interiors can imprint onto cosmological expansion by embedding regular BHs in a flat FLRW universe within a Swiss cheese framework. It derives the exterior Friedmann equations for a dust-dominated cosmos and analyzes four regular BH geometries—Hayward, Bardeen, Dymnikova, and an Asymptotic Safety–based model—plus a dynamical dark energy–inspired BH, all via a common effective fluid with density $\rho_*$ and equation of state $\omega_*(a)$ linked to a UV correction function $h(a)$. Using MCMC fits to late-time data (DESI BAO, Cosmic Chronometers, Pantheon+ SNe) under flat priors, the study constraints the UV-cutoff parameters $Q_{ned}$, $Q_D$, and $Q_{AS}$, finding lower bounds for some models and dual-sided bounds for Dymnikova; overall, CCRBH models can outperform $\Lambda$CDM in information criteria, but the evidence is not decisively preferred. The results suggest a possible preference for horizonless compact objects in this framework, while emphasizing that future high-redshift observations and BH measurements are crucial to test whether DE might originate from UV corrections to black hole geometries, rather than a fundamental cosmological constant.

Abstract

We consider the embedding of regular black holes in an expanding universe and study how the ultraviolet modifications to the Schwarzschild geometry that regularize the black hole singularity affect the exterior universe's expansion rate. We consider several proposals for the regular black hole geometry and obtain the corresponding Friedmann equations for a universe filled only with dust and black holes. We show that different proposals have different implications which may be distinguished. We then test the hypothesis that the UV corrections to the black hole geometry may be responsible for the current phase of accelerated expansion. To this aim we constrain the value of the regular black hole UV cutoff parameter from observations. Interestingly we find that the best fit is obtained by values of the parameter corresponding to regular horizonless compact objects.

Can UV meet IR in the Swiss cheese?

TL;DR

The paper addresses whether ultraviolet (UV) modifications to regular black hole interiors can imprint onto cosmological expansion by embedding regular BHs in a flat FLRW universe within a Swiss cheese framework. It derives the exterior Friedmann equations for a dust-dominated cosmos and analyzes four regular BH geometries—Hayward, Bardeen, Dymnikova, and an Asymptotic Safety–based model—plus a dynamical dark energy–inspired BH, all via a common effective fluid with density and equation of state linked to a UV correction function . Using MCMC fits to late-time data (DESI BAO, Cosmic Chronometers, Pantheon+ SNe) under flat priors, the study constraints the UV-cutoff parameters , , and , finding lower bounds for some models and dual-sided bounds for Dymnikova; overall, CCRBH models can outperform CDM in information criteria, but the evidence is not decisively preferred. The results suggest a possible preference for horizonless compact objects in this framework, while emphasizing that future high-redshift observations and BH measurements are crucial to test whether DE might originate from UV corrections to black hole geometries, rather than a fundamental cosmological constant.

Abstract

We consider the embedding of regular black holes in an expanding universe and study how the ultraviolet modifications to the Schwarzschild geometry that regularize the black hole singularity affect the exterior universe's expansion rate. We consider several proposals for the regular black hole geometry and obtain the corresponding Friedmann equations for a universe filled only with dust and black holes. We show that different proposals have different implications which may be distinguished. We then test the hypothesis that the UV corrections to the black hole geometry may be responsible for the current phase of accelerated expansion. To this aim we constrain the value of the regular black hole UV cutoff parameter from observations. Interestingly we find that the best fit is obtained by values of the parameter corresponding to regular horizonless compact objects.
Paper Structure (12 sections, 51 equations, 2 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 12 sections, 51 equations, 2 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Swiss Cheese and junction conditions
  3. Co-moving boundary
  4. Regular black holes in non-linear electrodynamics
  5. Dymnikova regular black hole
  6. Regular black hole in Asymptotic Safety
  7. Dynamical dark energy inspired black hole
  8. Phenomenological implications for the late universe
  9. Model setup
  10. Datasets
  11. Results
  12. Discussion

Figures (2)

  • Figure 1: One-dimensional posterior probability distributions and two-dimensional $68\%$ and $95\%$ confidence contours of the Hayward (left) and Bardeen (right) model parameters as inferred by the combination of dataset.
  • Figure 2: One-dimensional posterior probability distributions and two-dimensional $68\%$ and $95\%$ confidence contours of the AS (left) and Dymnikova (right) model parameters as inferred by the combination of dataset.