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Accelerating Molecular H$_2^+$ Beam in AGS and RHIC

Xiaodong Jiang

TL;DR

The paper investigates whether molecular H$_2^+$ beams can be accelerated in the AGS and RHIC to high energies to enable cost-effective proton beams and new collider possibilities. It analyzes limiting effects, notably the Lorentz-force induced dissociation and beam-gas collisions, and sketches a test plan to measure maximum energy and beam losses. It argues that AGS acceleration to moderate energies is feasible, while RHIC may face an upper energy limit, requiring tests before shutdown. The work highlights benefits for BNL, including a lower-cost proton option and the potential for a 2:1 electron-proton beam for EIC, with calibration via Møller scattering and opportunities to study other molecular ions.

Abstract

After the recent success of acceleration molecular H$_2^+$ beam (from EBIS) in Booster to 1.0 GeV/u kinetic energy, we propose to carry out tests to accelerate H$_2^+$ beam in AGS (up to 12 GeV/u) and to RHIC (up to 100 GeV/u). In this Note, we address the main effects that might hamper H$_2^+$ beam acceleration, outline the impacts and benefits of high energy H$_2^+$ beam to BNL.

Accelerating Molecular H$_2^+$ Beam in AGS and RHIC

TL;DR

The paper investigates whether molecular H beams can be accelerated in the AGS and RHIC to high energies to enable cost-effective proton beams and new collider possibilities. It analyzes limiting effects, notably the Lorentz-force induced dissociation and beam-gas collisions, and sketches a test plan to measure maximum energy and beam losses. It argues that AGS acceleration to moderate energies is feasible, while RHIC may face an upper energy limit, requiring tests before shutdown. The work highlights benefits for BNL, including a lower-cost proton option and the potential for a 2:1 electron-proton beam for EIC, with calibration via Møller scattering and opportunities to study other molecular ions.

Abstract

After the recent success of acceleration molecular H beam (from EBIS) in Booster to 1.0 GeV/u kinetic energy, we propose to carry out tests to accelerate H beam in AGS (up to 12 GeV/u) and to RHIC (up to 100 GeV/u). In this Note, we address the main effects that might hamper H beam acceleration, outline the impacts and benefits of high energy H beam to BNL.
Paper Structure (3 sections, 3 tables)

This paper contains 3 sections, 3 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Provide an alternative option of proton beam at a lower cost
  2. Provide a combination of proton and electron beams in RHIC Ring for EIC
  3. Potential impacts to Electron-Ion-Collider