Logo
ScienceStack
Table of Contents
Fetching ...
Sign In

Implications of Grid-Forming Inverter Parameters on Disturbance Localization and Controllability

Matt Baughman, Marena Trujillo, Bri-Mathias Hodge, Emily Jensen

Abstract

The shift from traditional synchronous generator (SG) based power generation to generation driven by power electronic devices introduces new dynamic phenomena and considerations for the control of large-scale power systems. In this paper, two aspects of all-inverter power systems are investigated: greater localization of system disturbance response and greater system controllability. The prevalence of both of these aspects are shown to be related to the lower effective inertia of inverters and have implications for future widearea control system design. Greater disturbance localization implies the need for feedback measurement placement close to generator nodes to properly reject disturbances in the system while increased system controllability implies that widearea control systems should preferentially actuate inverters to most efficiently control the system. This investigation utilizes reduced-order linear time-invariant models of both SGs and inverters that are shown to capture the frequency dynamics of interest in both all-SG and all-inverter systems, allowing for the efficient use of both frequency and time domain analysis methods.

Implications of Grid-Forming Inverter Parameters on Disturbance Localization and Controllability

Abstract

The shift from traditional synchronous generator (SG) based power generation to generation driven by power electronic devices introduces new dynamic phenomena and considerations for the control of large-scale power systems. In this paper, two aspects of all-inverter power systems are investigated: greater localization of system disturbance response and greater system controllability. The prevalence of both of these aspects are shown to be related to the lower effective inertia of inverters and have implications for future widearea control system design. Greater disturbance localization implies the need for feedback measurement placement close to generator nodes to properly reject disturbances in the system while increased system controllability implies that widearea control systems should preferentially actuate inverters to most efficiently control the system. This investigation utilizes reduced-order linear time-invariant models of both SGs and inverters that are shown to capture the frequency dynamics of interest in both all-SG and all-inverter systems, allowing for the efficient use of both frequency and time domain analysis methods.
Paper Structure (14 sections, 1 theorem, 21 equations, 9 figures)

This paper contains 14 sections, 1 theorem, 21 equations, 9 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Reduced Order Model
  3. Model Summary
  4. Interpreting the GFM Inverter Model
  5. Analysis of Disturbance Localization in All-GFM Systems
  6. Pole-Zero Analysis
  7. $H_2$-Norm Analysis
  8. System Controllability in All-GFM Systems
  9. Computational Analysis of Larger Systems
  10. Disturbance Localization Time Domain Analysis
  11. Disturbance Localization $H_2$-Norm Analysis
  12. Controllability Analysis
  13. Conclusion
  14. Appendix A Title

Key Result

Theorem 1

Given a network of $n$ grid-forming inverters with identical effective inertia, $M$, identical effective damping $D$, and identical line admittance coupling each inverter to every other inverter in the network, $B$, the eigenvalues of the controllability gramian and their multiplicity are:

Figures (9)

  • Figure 1: Block diagram for the SG model Trujillo2025.
  • Figure 2: Block diagram for grid forming inverter model Trujillo2025.
  • Figure 3: (a) Complex pole location of diagonal transfer function vs. Inertia (b) Zero location of diagonal transfer function vs. inertia
  • Figure 4: IEEE 39-Bus All-SG Frequency Response for Step at Bus 20
  • Figure 5: IEEE 39-Bus All-GFM Frequency Response for Step at Bus 20
  • ...and 4 more figures

Theorems & Definitions (1)

  • Theorem 1