Resilience by Design: A KPI for Heavy-Duty Megawatt Charging
Sonia Yeh, Rishabh Ghotge, Yujia Shi, Luka de Koe
TL;DR
The paper tackles the challenge of comparing resilience across megawatt charging stations by introducing a single, normalised Resilience KPI (Resilience KPI) that is stressor-agnostic and computed from existing framework signals. It presents a formal construction where a composite Site Resilience Score (K15) aggregates K1–K14 through normalized sub-KPIs and weights, and then optionally penalises fault exposure, enabling fair benchmarking and policy-ready decision support. A DATEX II mapping is provided to ensure interoperability between static/inventory data and dynamic status data, while a broad set of operational definitions (time windows, statuses, and rolling statistics) ensures reproducibility. The framework also extends to cybersecurity with lightweight KPIs, HDV extensions, and profiles that accommodate grid, ICT, and environmental hardening considerations, facilitating governance, interoperability, and resilience investments. Collectively, the approach enables cross-site benchmarking, longitudinal tracking, and cost–benefit analysis of resilience mitigations in heavy-duty charging networks, with a clear path toward regulation-ready reporting and standardized interoperability.
Abstract
We introduce a stressor-agnostic Resilience Key Performance Indicator (Resilience KPI) for megawatt charging stations (MSC) serving heavy-duty vehicles. Beyond routine performance statistics (e.g., availability, throughput), the KPI quantifies a site's ability to anticipate, operate under degradation, and recover from disruptions using observable signals already in the framework: ride-through capability, restoration speed, service under N-1, expected unserved charging energy, and queue impacts. The headline score is normalised to 0-100 for fair cross-site and cross-vendor benchmarking, with optional stressor-specific breakouts (grid, ICT, thermal, flooding, on-site incidents) for diagnostics and robustness checks. DATEX II provides a solid baseline for resilience KPIs centred on infrastructure inventory, status, and pricing, while additional KPIs, especially around grid capacity, on-site flexibility, heavy-vehicle geometry, environmental hardening, maintenance, and market exposure, are essential for a complete resilience picture and will require extensions or complementary data sources. The KPI is designed for monthly/quarterly reporting to support design and operational decisions and cost-benefit assessment of mitigations (e.g., backup power, spares, procedures). It offers a consistent, transparent methodology that consolidates heterogeneous logs and KPIs into a single, auditable indicator, making resilience comparable across sites, vendors, and jurisdictions.