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Efficient Joint Resource Allocation for Wireless Powered ISAC with Target Localization

Boyao Li, Qinwei He, Boao Zhang, Xiaopeng Yuan, Anke Schmeink

Abstract

Wireless powered integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) faces a fundamental tradeoff between energy supply, communication throughput, and sensing accuracy. This paper investigates a wireless powered ISAC system with target localization requirements, where users harvest energy from wireless power transfer (WPT) and then conduct ISAC transmissions in a time-division manner. In addition to energy supply, the WPT signal also contributes to target sensing, and the localization accuracy is characterized by Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) constraints. Under this setting, we formulate a max-min throughput maximization problem by jointly allocating the WPT duration, ISAC transmission time allocation, and transmit power. Due to the nonconvexity of the resulting problem, a suitable reformulation is developed by exploiting variable substitutions and the monotonicity of logarithmic functions, based on which an efficient successive convex approximation (SCA)-based iterative algorithm is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate convergence and significant performance gains over benchmark schemes, highlighting the importance of coordinated time-power optimization in balancing sensing accuracy and communication performance in wireless powered ISAC systems.

Efficient Joint Resource Allocation for Wireless Powered ISAC with Target Localization

Abstract

Wireless powered integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) faces a fundamental tradeoff between energy supply, communication throughput, and sensing accuracy. This paper investigates a wireless powered ISAC system with target localization requirements, where users harvest energy from wireless power transfer (WPT) and then conduct ISAC transmissions in a time-division manner. In addition to energy supply, the WPT signal also contributes to target sensing, and the localization accuracy is characterized by Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) constraints. Under this setting, we formulate a max-min throughput maximization problem by jointly allocating the WPT duration, ISAC transmission time allocation, and transmit power. Due to the nonconvexity of the resulting problem, a suitable reformulation is developed by exploiting variable substitutions and the monotonicity of logarithmic functions, based on which an efficient successive convex approximation (SCA)-based iterative algorithm is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate convergence and significant performance gains over benchmark schemes, highlighting the importance of coordinated time-power optimization in balancing sensing accuracy and communication performance in wireless powered ISAC systems.
Paper Structure (9 sections, 1 theorem, 35 equations, 4 figures, 1 table, 1 algorithm)

This paper contains 9 sections, 1 theorem, 35 equations, 4 figures, 1 table, 1 algorithm.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Problem Formulation
  3. System Model
  4. CRB-Based Localization Model
  5. Proposed Iterative Solution
  6. Problem Reformulation
  7. Iterative Algorithm
  8. Numerical Results
  9. Conclusion

Key Result

Lemma 1

For any $h_{m} > 0$ and $\sigma^2 > 0$, the function is strictly concave in $v_m \in \mathbb{R}$.

Figures (4)

  • Figure 1: Illustration of a wireless powered $M$-user ISAC system with $N$ targets under a total time budget $T_{\mathrm{max}}$.
  • Figure 2: Convergence behavior of the proposed and benchmark schemes.
  • Figure 3: Minimum achievable throughput versus target localization accuracy requirement.
  • Figure 4: Minimum achievable throughput versus WPT transmit power.

Theorems & Definitions (2)

  • Lemma 1
  • proof