A Proof of Success and Reward Distribution Protocol for Multi-bridge Architecture in Cross-chain Communication
Damilare Peter Oyinloye, Mohd Sameen Chishti, Jingyue Li
TL;DR
The paper addresses cross-chain interoperability by replacing single-bridge reliance with a PSCRD multi-bridge protocol that coordinates responses and fairly distributes transfer fees. It introduces a quorum-based bridge selection, a decayed, reward-proportional incentive system, and formal fairness/decentralization metrics (Gini, Lorenz, Nakamoto). Through mathematical proofs and simulations, PSCRD demonstrates improved reward fairness and decentralization, with resilience to simple attacks and robustness to parameter choices. This approach offers a resilient, decentralized cross-chain bridge model that aims to lower user costs while increasing security and fault tolerance.
Abstract
Single-bridge blockchain solutions enable cross-chain communication. However, they are associated with centralization and single-point-of-failure risks. This paper proposes Proof of Success and Reward Distribution (PSCRD), a novel multi-bridge response coordination and incentive distribution protocol designed to address the challenges. PSCRD introduces a fair reward distribution system that equitably distributes the transfer fee among participating bridges, incentivizing honest behavior and sustained commitment. The purpose is to encourage bridge participation for higher decentralization and lower single-point-of-failure risks. The mathematical analysis and simulation results validate the effectiveness of PSCRD using two key metrics: the Gini index, which demonstrates a progressive improvement in the fairness of the reward distribution as new bridge groups joined the network; and the Nakamoto coefficient, which shows a significant improvement in decentralization over time. These findings highlight that PSCRD provides a more resilient and secure cross-chain bridge system without substantially increasing user costs.