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Prospects for measuring electroweak production of $Zγγ$ and 2 jets at the LHC

Ran Ding, Ruobing Jiang, Tianyi Yang, Andrew Levin, Qiang Li

TL;DR

The paper investigates the electroweak production of the 2→3 vector boson scattering process pp → Zγγ + 2 jets (with Z → ℓℓ) at the LHC, assessing signal significance in a VBS-enriched phase space. Using MG5_aMC@NLO LO for event generation, Pythia8 for parton showering, and Delphes CMS-style detector simulation, the authors define EW signal scenarios, study QCD backgrounds and interference, and optimize cuts on $M_{jj}$ and $|Δη_{jj}|$ to suppress backgrounds. The analysis yields a final significance of $4.50±0.17σ$ at $L=500~\text{fb}^{-1}$, with a projected $>10σ$ at the HL-LHC ($L=3000~\text{fb}^{-1}$), demonstrating the feasibility of observing and studying this rare 2→3 VBS channel and informing future experimental searches. The results showcase the continued potential of LHC data to probe electroweak symmetry breaking through higher-multiplicity VBS processes.

Abstract

Vector boson scattering (VBS) serves as a powerful channel for probing the Standard Model, particularly the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism. Currently, studies of VBS mainly focus on $2 \to 2$ scattering. In this study, we investigate the $2\to 3$ VBS process of $\text{p p} \to Zγγ+ 2~\text{jets}$ through Monte Carlo simulations, including signal generation and background analysis. The signal significance is evaluated across different phase-space regions. With an integrated luminosity of 500 fb$^{-1}$, the signal significance can reach about 4.5 $σ$. These results suggest that, given the ongoing release of the LHC Run 3 dataset, there will be promising opportunities to explore and potentially discover a series of $2\to 3$ VBS processes, starting with the $Zγγ$ channel.

Prospects for measuring electroweak production of $Zγγ$ and 2 jets at the LHC

TL;DR

The paper investigates the electroweak production of the 2→3 vector boson scattering process pp → Zγγ + 2 jets (with Z → ℓℓ) at the LHC, assessing signal significance in a VBS-enriched phase space. Using MG5_aMC@NLO LO for event generation, Pythia8 for parton showering, and Delphes CMS-style detector simulation, the authors define EW signal scenarios, study QCD backgrounds and interference, and optimize cuts on and to suppress backgrounds. The analysis yields a final significance of at , with a projected at the HL-LHC (), demonstrating the feasibility of observing and studying this rare 2→3 VBS channel and informing future experimental searches. The results showcase the continued potential of LHC data to probe electroweak symmetry breaking through higher-multiplicity VBS processes.

Abstract

Vector boson scattering (VBS) serves as a powerful channel for probing the Standard Model, particularly the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism. Currently, studies of VBS mainly focus on scattering. In this study, we investigate the VBS process of through Monte Carlo simulations, including signal generation and background analysis. The signal significance is evaluated across different phase-space regions. With an integrated luminosity of 500 fb, the signal significance can reach about 4.5 . These results suggest that, given the ongoing release of the LHC Run 3 dataset, there will be promising opportunities to explore and potentially discover a series of VBS processes, starting with the channel.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 8 sections, 1 equation, 4 figures, 4 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Process classification and simulation
  3. Process classification
  4. Events simulation
  5. Interference study
  6. Signal selection and distribution
  7. Events yield and significant study
  8. Conclusion

Figures (4)

  • Figure 1: Feynman diagram of VBS $Z\gamma\gamma$ production.
  • Figure 2: Distributions of signal and background after initial signal selection.
  • Figure 3: Distributions of signal and background after initial signal selection.
  • Figure 4: Significance for each ($M^{\text{lower}}_{jj}$, $\left|\Delta\eta_{jj}\right|^{\text{lower}}$) combination, derived from the corresponding signal and background yields ($L = 500~\text{fb}^{-1}$).