Logo
ScienceStack
Table of Contents
Fetching ...
Sign In

CZT Detectors for kaonic atoms spectroscopy

Francesco Artibani, Leonardo Abbene, Antonino Buttacavoli, Manuele Bettelli, Gaetano Gerardi, Fabio Principato, Andrea Zappettini, Massimiliano Bazzi, Giacomo Borghi, Damir Bosnar, Mario Bragadireanu, Marco Carminati, Alberto Clozza, Francesco Clozza, Raffaele Del Grande, Luca De Paolis, Carlo Fiorini, Ivica Friscic, Carlo Guaraldo, Mihail Iliescu, Masahiko Iwasaki, Aleksander Khreptak, Simone Manti, Johann Marton, Pawel Moskal, Fabrizio Napolitano, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Kristian Piscicchia, Francesco Sgaramella, Michal Silarski, Diana Laura Sirghi, Florin Sirghi, Magdalena Skurzok, Antonio Spallone, Kairo Toho, Oton Vazquez Doce, Johann Zmeskal, Catalina Curceanu, Alessandro Scordo

TL;DR

The paper addresses the need for precise X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic atoms in the intermediate mass range and presents a CZT-based detection system developed for the DAΦNE collider as part of the SIDDHARTA-2 program. It details a setup of eight quasi-hemispherical CZT sensors with dedicated front-end electronics and a 64-channel DAQ, accompanied by in-situ calibration using a $^{152}$Eu source and lead fluorescence lines. Spectral peaks are modeled with a Gaussian core plus an incomplete-charge-collection tail, and a comprehensive background function is employed; linearity is validated by comparing peak means to nominal energies, yielding residuals at the $1‰$ level or better for most peaks. The results confirm stable detector performance in the collider environment and establish the CZT system as a viable tool for future kaonic-atom spectroscopy at DAΦNE, with implications for constraining low-energy strong interactions and cascade models in medium-to-high-Z systems.

Abstract

Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors offer excellent room-temperature energy resolution, making them well suited for X- and $γ$-ray spectroscopy in challenging environments. Within the SIDDHARTA-2 program at the DA$Φ$NE collider, a new CZT-based detection system has been developed to enable precision measurements of kaonic atom transitions in the intermediate mass range. In this work, we report the results of a calibration campaign performed with the collider operating, aimed at assessing the detector performance. A dedicated setup, including an array of quasi-hemispherical CZT sensors and a $^{152}$Eu source, was used to characterize the spectral response. The reconstructed emission lines were fitted with a model accounting for Gaussian response and incomplete charge recollection tails, and the detector linearity was evaluated by comparing the measured peak positions with their nominal energies. The results demonstrate that the CZT detector exhibits excellent linearity and stable operation with the collider on, confirming its suitability for future kaonic-atom spectroscopy at DA$Φ$NE.

CZT Detectors for kaonic atoms spectroscopy

TL;DR

The paper addresses the need for precise X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic atoms in the intermediate mass range and presents a CZT-based detection system developed for the DAΦNE collider as part of the SIDDHARTA-2 program. It details a setup of eight quasi-hemispherical CZT sensors with dedicated front-end electronics and a 64-channel DAQ, accompanied by in-situ calibration using a Eu source and lead fluorescence lines. Spectral peaks are modeled with a Gaussian core plus an incomplete-charge-collection tail, and a comprehensive background function is employed; linearity is validated by comparing peak means to nominal energies, yielding residuals at the level or better for most peaks. The results confirm stable detector performance in the collider environment and establish the CZT system as a viable tool for future kaonic-atom spectroscopy at DAΦNE, with implications for constraining low-energy strong interactions and cascade models in medium-to-high-Z systems.

Abstract

Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors offer excellent room-temperature energy resolution, making them well suited for X- and -ray spectroscopy in challenging environments. Within the SIDDHARTA-2 program at the DANE collider, a new CZT-based detection system has been developed to enable precision measurements of kaonic atom transitions in the intermediate mass range. In this work, we report the results of a calibration campaign performed with the collider operating, aimed at assessing the detector performance. A dedicated setup, including an array of quasi-hemispherical CZT sensors and a Eu source, was used to characterize the spectral response. The reconstructed emission lines were fitted with a model accounting for Gaussian response and incomplete charge recollection tails, and the detector linearity was evaluated by comparing the measured peak positions with their nominal energies. The results demonstrate that the CZT detector exhibits excellent linearity and stable operation with the collider on, confirming its suitability for future kaonic-atom spectroscopy at DANE.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 4 sections, 2 equations, 3 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Experimental Setup
  3. Data Analysis and Linearity Study
  4. Conclusions

Figures (3)

  • Figure 1: Scheme of the experimental setup. On the left the DA$\Phi$NE beam pipe is represented; in the centre the organic scintillator used for luminosity measurement, and on the right the radioactive Eu source with the CZT detector.
  • Figure 2: Fit of the acquired spectrum. The peaks originating from the radioactive source are labeled in magenta, while the peaks originating from lead shielding fluorescence are labeled in blue.
  • Figure 3: Top. ADC channels vs nominal energy and linear fit for the three europium peaks and PN K$\alpha$ and Pb K$\beta$ transitions. Bottom. Residuals after calibrating the peak; all the most prominent peaks present a residual below 1‰. The peaks originating from the radioactive source are labeled in magenta, while the peaks originating from lead shielding fluorescence are labeled in blue.