Probing quark-lepton correlation in GUTs with high-precision neutrino measurements
Zi-Qiang Chen, Gao-Xiang Fang, Ye-Ling Zhou
TL;DR
Probing quark-lepton correlations predicted by $SO(10)$ GUTs with high-precision neutrino measurements, notably JUNO, the paper assesses how Yukawa unification constrains neutrino masses, ordering, CP phase, and the right-handed neutrino spectrum. It analyzes three realistic models ($M1$–$M3$) with distinct Higgs content, using a global $ abla^2$ fit to 18 observables, incorporating JUNO data for $ riangle m^2_{21}$ and $ heta_{12}^l$ and NuFIT for other oscillation data. The results strongly favor normal ordering, with model-dependent predictions for the Dirac CP phase $oldsymbol{ abla}oldsymbol{ ext{delta}}$, effective mass $m_{etaeta}$, and lightest neutrino mass $m_1$, and reveal characteristic RHN mass spectra that have implications for leptogenesis and the $B-L$ scale. The work demonstrates that high-precision neutrino measurements provide a complementary test of GUTs alongside proton decay, and that future data can discriminate among $M1$–$M3$.
Abstract
GUTs unify quarks and leptons into same representations and predict correlations between their masses and mixing. We take new data of JUNO and perform numerical scans to explore the flavor space compatible with data in SO(10) GUTs. The quark-lepton correlation shows the preference of normal ordering for light neutrino masses, predicts favored region of the CP-violating phase in neutrino oscillations, and classifies GUT models based their testability in neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. The quark-lepton correlation predicts mass spectrum of right-handed neutrinos, pointing to the energy scale of baryon and lepton number violation and providing sources for baryogenesis. We emphasize that, as the high precision measurements of neutrino physics is coming, the quark-lepton correlation will provide increasingly important role in the testability of GUTs, complementary to the proton decay measurement.