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First results of the NEXT-100 detector using $^{83m}$Kr decays

NEXT Collaboration, G. Martínez-Lema, C. Hervés Carrete, S. Torelli, M. Cid Laso, P. Vázquez Cabaleiro, B. Palmeiro, J. A. Hernando Morata, J. J. Gómez-Cadenas, C. Adams, H. Almazán, V. Álvarez, A. I. Aranburu, L. Arazi, I. J. Arnquist, F. Auria-Luna, S. Ayet, Y. Ayyad, C. D. R. Azevedo, K. Bailey, F. Ballester, J. E. Barcelon, M. del Barrio-Torregrosa, A. Bayo, J. M. Benlloch-Rodríguez, F. I. G. M. Borges, A. Brodoline, N. Byrnes, A. Castillo, E. Church, L. Cid, X. Cid, C. A. N. Conde, C. Cortes-Parra, F. P. Cossío, R. Coupe, E. Dey, P. Dietz, C. Echeverria, M. Elorza, R. Esteve, R. Felkai, L. M. P. Fernandes, P. Ferrario, F. W. Foss, Z. Freixa, J. García-Barrena, J. W. R. Grocott, R. Guenette, J. Hauptman, C. A. O. Henriques, P. Herrero-Gómez, V. Herrero, Y. Ifergan, A. F. B. Isabel, B. J. P. Jones, F. Kellerer, L. Larizgoitia, A. Larumbe, P. Lebrun, F. Lopez, N. López-March, R. Madigan, R. D. P. Mano, A. Marauri, A. P. Marques, J. Martín-Albo, A. Martínez, M. Martínez-Vara, R. L. Miller, K. Mistry, J. Molina-Canteras, F. Monrabal, C. M. B. Monteiro, F. J. Mora, K. E. Navarro, P. Novella, D. R. Nygren, E. Oblak, J. Palacio, A. Para, I. Parmaksiz, A. Pazos, J. Pelegrin, M. Pérez Maneiro, M. Querol, J. Renner, I. Rivilla, C. Rogero, L. Rogers, B. Romeo, C. Romo-Luque, E. Ruiz-Chóliz, P. Saharia, F. P. Santos, J. M. F. dos Santos, M. Seemann, I. Shomroni, A. L. M. Silva, P. A. O. C. Silva, A. Simón, S. R. Soleti, M. Sorel, J. Soto-Oton, J. M. R. Teixeira, S. Teruel-Pardo, J. F. Toledo, C. Tonnelé, J. Torrent, A. Trettin, P. R. G. Valle, M. Vanga, J. F. C. A. Veloso, J. D. Villamil, J. Waiton, A. Yubero-Navarro

Abstract

We report here the first results obtained with NEXT-100 using low-energy calibration data from $^{83m}$Kr decays, which allow mapping of the detector response in the active volume and monitoring of its stability over time. After homogenizing the light response, we achieve an energy resolution of 4.37% FWHM at 41.5 keV for $^{83m}$Kr point-like energy deposits contained in a radius of 425 mm. In a fiducial region representing the operating conditions of NEXT-100 at 10 bar we obtain an improved energy resolution of 4.16% FWHM. These results are in good agreement with that obtained in NEXT-White, and an $E^{-1/2}$ extrapolation to $Q_{ββ}$ yields an energy resolution close to 0.5% FWHM, well below the 1% FWHM design target.

First results of the NEXT-100 detector using $^{83m}$Kr decays

Abstract

We report here the first results obtained with NEXT-100 using low-energy calibration data from Kr decays, which allow mapping of the detector response in the active volume and monitoring of its stability over time. After homogenizing the light response, we achieve an energy resolution of 4.37% FWHM at 41.5 keV for Kr point-like energy deposits contained in a radius of 425 mm. In a fiducial region representing the operating conditions of NEXT-100 at 10 bar we obtain an improved energy resolution of 4.16% FWHM. These results are in good agreement with that obtained in NEXT-White, and an extrapolation to yields an energy resolution close to 0.5% FWHM, well below the 1% FWHM design target.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 12 sections, 3 equations, 11 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. The NEXT-100 detector
  3. Principle of operation
  4. $^{83\textrm{m}}\mathrm{Kr}$ calibration
  5. Operational conditions
  6. Data acquisition and processing
  7. Data selection
  8. Estimation of the drift velocity
  9. Detector response
  10. Detector stability
  11. Performance
  12. Conclusions

Figures (11)

  • Figure 1: Schematic drawing of the NEXT-100 detector. Reproduced from NEXT:2025yqw.
  • Figure 2: Averaged PMT waveform containing a $^{83\textrm{m}}\mathrm{Kr}$ event candidate. The small first peak at $t\approx$1050 $\upmu$s corresponds to the S1 signal; a zoomed-in view in shown in the inset axis. In this example, the S1 amplitude is about 3 times larger than the standard deviation of the electronic noise. The second, larger peak at $t\approx$1600 $\upmu$s corresponds to the S2 signal.
  • Figure 3: Top: calibrated PMT-summed response of a $^{83\textrm{m}}\mathrm{Kr}$ event candidate zoomed in on the S2 pulse. Bottom: time-integrated SiPM response of a $^{83\textrm{m}}\mathrm{Kr}$ event candidate.
  • Figure 4: S2 time standard deviation as a function of drift time. Events with a single S1 and S2 falling within the band defined by the two lines are selected as $^{83\textrm{m}}\mathrm{Kr}$ candidates.
  • Figure 5: Drift time distribution of selected events (top), and a zoomed-in view of the end of the drift-time interval (bottom), with a sigmoid fit used to extract the drift velocity.
  • ...and 6 more figures