Electromagnetic characteristics as probes into the inner structures of the predicted $Ξ_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$ molecular states

TL;DR

The paper advances the understanding of the $Ξ_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$ double-charm hidden-strangeness molecular pentaquarks by computing their magnetic moments and M1 radiative decay widths within a constituent-quark framework. It examines three structural analyses—single-channel, $S$-$D$ wave mixing, and coupled-channel—to test robustness against spatial configurations and channel couplings, using input from prior OBE mass-spectrum results. Magnetic moments largely reflect additive constituent contributions in the single-channel picture, with $S$-$D$ mixing yielding negligible changes and coupled-channel effects producing selective, structure-sensitive shifts (including isospin-dependent differences in some states). M1 decay widths reveal several sizable transitions linked to the intrinsic decays of the components, while the three-analysis hierarchy shows that M1 observables can help discriminate spin-parity and constituent configurations, offering concrete experimental signatures to pursue. Overall, the work highlights electromagnetic probes as complementary tools to mass spectra for elucidating the internal composition of these exotic hadronic states.

Abstract

In this work, we conduct a systematic investigation of the electromagnetic properties, specifically the magnetic moments and the M1 radiative decay behavior, of the predicted $Ξ_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$-type double-charm hidden-strangeness molecular pentaquarks. The study is carried out within the framework of the constituent quark model to evaluate these electromagnetic observables, and our analysis incorporates three distinct scenarios: single-channel analysis, $S$-$D$ wave mixing analysis, and coupled-channel analysis. The calculated magnetic moments reveal characteristic patterns that reflect their underlying constituent configurations and provide sensitive probes for their quantum number assignments. Furthermore, we identify several M1 radiative decay channels with sizable widths that may offer promising signatures for future experimental detection. These M1 transitions also act as sensitive probes into their inner structures, displaying distinctive features that help differentiate between their constituent configurations and quantum number assignments. We anticipate that this study will stimulate experimental interest in exploring the electromagnetic properties of the $Ξ_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$ molecular states, thereby advancing our structural understanding of these exotic hadronic states.

Figures (4)

• Figure 1: The spatial wave functions $u(r)$ of the predicted ten $S$-wave $\Xi_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$ molecular pentaquarks obtained from single-channel analysis at three representative binding energies of $-0.5$, $-6.0$, and $-12.0$ MeV.
• Figure 2: The magnetic moments $\mu_{[AB]}$ of the predicted $\Xi_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$ molecular states in single-channel analysis.
• Figure 3: The magnetic moments $\mu_{[AB]}$ of the predicted $\Xi_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$ molecular states in $S$–$D$ wave mixing analysis. The corresponding single-channel results are shown as the horizontal lines for comparison.
• Figure 4: The magnetic moments $\mu_{[AB]}$ of the predicted $\Xi_c^{(',*)}D^{(*)}_s$ molecular states in coupled-channel analysis. The corresponding single-channel results are shown as the horizontal lines for comparison.