Trickle-down Theorems via C-Lorentzian Polynomials II: Pairwise Spectral Influence and Improved Dobrushin's Condition
Jonathan Leake, Shayan Oveis Gharan
TL;DR
The paper tackles rapid sampling from multi-state spin systems on d-partite simplicial complexes by introducing a pairwise spectral influence matrix ${\cal I}$ and establishing spectral-independence-based mixing guarantees under $\lambda_{\max}({\cal I})\le 1-\varepsilon$. It develops ${\cal C}$-Lorentzian polynomials and commutative $\pi$ maps derived from absorbing random walks to convert local spectral bounds at codimension-2 links into global eigenvalue controls, yielding improved trickle-down theorems for partite complexes. The main technical contribution shows that small $\lambda_{\max}({\cal I})$ implies explicit bounds on $\lambda_2(P_\tau)$ for all faces, which in turn gives rapid Glauber dynamics mixing and robust sampling guarantees beyond classical Dobrushin-type criteria. The framework unifies local-to-global spectral bounds with high-dimensional expander techniques, offering practical implications for sampling in statistical physics, graphical models, and related combinatorial constructions while suggesting directions for broader non-partite extensions and stronger mixing results.
Abstract
Let $μ$ be a probability distribution on a multi-state spin system on a set $V$ of sites. Equivalently, we can think of this as a $d$-partite simplical complex with distribution $μ$ on maximal faces. For any pair of vertices $u,v\in V$, define the pairwise spectral influence $\mathcal{I}_{u,v}$ as follows. Let $σ$ be a choice of spins $s_w\in S_w$ for every $w\in V \setminus \{u,v\}$, and construct a matrix in $\mathbb{R}^{(S_u\cup S_v)\times (S_u\cup S_v)}$ where for any $s_u\in S_u, s_v\in S_v$, the $(us_u,vs_v)$-entry is the probability that $s_v$ is the spin of $v$ conditioned on $s_u$ being the spin of $u$ and on $σ$. Then $\mathcal{I}_{u,v}$ is the maximal second eigenvalue of this matrix, over all choices of spins for all $w \in V \setminus \{u,v\}$. Equivalently, $\mathcal{I}_{u,v}$ is the maximum local spectral expansion of links of codimension $2$ that include a spin for every $w \in V \setminus \{u,v\}$. We show that if the largest eigenvalue of the pairwise spectral influence matrix with entries $\mathcal{I}_{u,v}$ is bounded away from 1, i.e. $λ_{\max}(\mathcal{I})\leq 1-ε$ (and $X$ is connected), then the Glauber dynamics mixes rapidly and generate samples from $μ$. This improves/generalizes the classical Dobrushin's influence matrix as the $\mathcal{I}_{u,v}$ lower-bounds the classical influence of $u\to v$. As a by-product, we also prove improved/almost optimal trickle-down theorems for partite simplicial complexes. The proof builds on the trickle-down theorems via $\mathcal{C}$-Lorentzian polynomials machinery recently developed by the authors and Lindberg.