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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Release of A databaSe of millimeTeR ObservatioNs of Asteroids Using acT (ASTRONAUT)

Ricco C. Venterea, John Orlowski-Scherer, Nicholas Battaglia, Sigurd Naess, Steve K. Choi, Allen Foster, Joseph Golec, Bruce Patridge, Cristóbal Sifón, Edward J. Wollack

TL;DR

The paper addresses the scarcity of millimeter-wavelength asteroid measurements by releasing ASTRONAUT, a public dataset built from ACT observations (2017–2021) and hosted in an AWS S3 bucket. It details data products, including fluxes normalized to $F_0$ via the Rayleigh-Jeans approximation, depth-1 map–based flux extraction, and an accompanying Jupyter Notebook for generating asteroid light curves. The release comprises 170 asteroids with 5-sigma detections across bands near 98, 150, and 228 GHz, and provides tools to query data and visualize results, both on S3 and via LAMBDA tar archives. This resource enables cross-observatory, mm-wavelength studies and phase-curve analyses to better understand asteroid regolith properties and thermal emission at small scales.

Abstract

We present A databaSe of millimeTeR ObservatioNs of Asteroids Using acT (ASTRONAUT) hosted on Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) in the form of a public Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) bucket. This bucket is an Amazon cloud storage database containing flux measurements for a group of asteroids at millimeter (mm) wavelengths. These measurements were collected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021 in frequency bands centered near 90, 150, and 220 GHz. The ASTRONAUT database contains observation times, normalized flux values, and associated error bars for 170 asteroids above a signal-to-noise ratio of 5 for a single frequency band over the stacked co-added maps. We provide an example in generating light curves with this database. We also present a Jupyter notebook to serve as a reference guide when using the S3 bucket. The container and notebook are publicly available in a GitHub repository.

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Release of A databaSe of millimeTeR ObservatioNs of Asteroids Using acT (ASTRONAUT)

TL;DR

The paper addresses the scarcity of millimeter-wavelength asteroid measurements by releasing ASTRONAUT, a public dataset built from ACT observations (2017–2021) and hosted in an AWS S3 bucket. It details data products, including fluxes normalized to via the Rayleigh-Jeans approximation, depth-1 map–based flux extraction, and an accompanying Jupyter Notebook for generating asteroid light curves. The release comprises 170 asteroids with 5-sigma detections across bands near 98, 150, and 228 GHz, and provides tools to query data and visualize results, both on S3 and via LAMBDA tar archives. This resource enables cross-observatory, mm-wavelength studies and phase-curve analyses to better understand asteroid regolith properties and thermal emission at small scales.

Abstract

We present A databaSe of millimeTeR ObservatioNs of Asteroids Using acT (ASTRONAUT) hosted on Amazon Web Services, Inc. (AWS) in the form of a public Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) bucket. This bucket is an Amazon cloud storage database containing flux measurements for a group of asteroids at millimeter (mm) wavelengths. These measurements were collected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021 in frequency bands centered near 90, 150, and 220 GHz. The ASTRONAUT database contains observation times, normalized flux values, and associated error bars for 170 asteroids above a signal-to-noise ratio of 5 for a single frequency band over the stacked co-added maps. We provide an example in generating light curves with this database. We also present a Jupyter notebook to serve as a reference guide when using the S3 bucket. The container and notebook are publicly available in a GitHub repository.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 12 sections, 1 equation, 2 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope
  3. Depth-1 Maps
  4. Data Processing
  5. Data Products
  6. Amazon Simple Storage Service
  7. Light Curves
  8. Available Asteroids
  9. Jupyter Notebook
  10. Notebook Tutorial
  11. Conclusion
  12. Acknowledgments

Figures (2)

  • Figure 1: Example plot of the depth-1 maps discussed in Section \ref{['sec:depth1']} which are used to generate light curves discussed in Section \ref{['sec:lcurves']}. Light curve data shown here are for (4) Vesta on array pa5 at $150$ GHz. The color bar corresponds to flux intensity. Note that this data release does not contain data maps such as those shown here.
  • Figure 2: Example light curve at 90 GHz for (705) Erminia using the ASTRONAUT database. Partial data can be seen in Table \ref{['tab:obs']} of the Appendix.