Electric Penrose process in Ayón-Beato-García (-dS) black holes

Abstract

We study the electric Penrose process in ABG(-dS) regular black holes, examining the influence of the black hole charge and the cosmological constant on the negative-energy region and energy extraction efficiency. Compared with RN(-dS) black holes, ABG(-dS) black holes have a larger negative-energy region, which allows this process to occur farther from the horizons, and higher energy extraction efficiency. This is especially true when the splitting point is close to the event horizon, and the difference widens as the black hole charge increases. Even when the black hole charge and cosmological constant take very small values relevant to astrophysics, significant differences still exist, with the maximum efficiency ratio being approximately 23/8. This indicates that in real astrophysical scenarios, ABG(-dS) black holes can accelerate charged particles more efficiently and exhibit superior energy extraction capabilities compared with RN(-dS) black holes.

Figures (12)

• Figure 1: The profile of the electric potential $A_t$ for various $Q$ in the ABG BH.
• Figure 2: Effective potential $V_{\rm eff} (r)$ for the ABG (left panel) and RN BHs (right panel) for various $\ell$. The shaded gray regions indicate the negative-energy regions (NER). $r_h$ (dotted-dashed lines) denotes the event horizon, and $r_e$s (black dots) represents the radii of zero-energy surfaces ($V_{\rm eff} (r_e) = 0$). We set $Q=0.3$ and $\bar{q} = -10$.
• Figure 3: The radius of zero-energy surface $r_e$ as a function of the BH charge $Q$ for various $\ell$. We set $\bar{q}=-10$.
• Figure 4: Energy extraction efficiency $\eta$ as a function of the splitting point $r_\ast$. We set $Q=0.3M$ and $\hat{\bar{q}}=-5$.
• Figure 5: The maximum energy extraction efficiency $\eta_{\rm max}$ as a function of the BH charge $Q$, with the splitting point $r_\ast = r_h$. We set $\hat{\bar{q}}=-5$.