Quantum Droplets in Curved Space

Abstract

This Letter investigates the formation of quantum droplets in curved spacetime, highlighting the significant influence of curvature on the formation and properties of these objects. While our computations encompass various dimensions, we primarily focus on two dimensions. Our findings reveal a novel class of curvature-driven quantum effects leading to the formation of quasistable liquid droplets, suggesting a feasible pathway for experimental observation, particularly in microgravity environments.

Figures (8)

• Figure 1: One-loop effective potential dependence from curvature. We have chosen for illustration $g_s=0.150$, $g_i = -0.145$ and $\xi=1$. Everything is measured in units of $m$. The value of the renormalization constant $\xi$ can be rescaled, resulting in a rescaled location of the minima. The plot illustrates the change of the potential from a $R>0$ nonvanishing minima to the flat space droplet minima through the transition happening for $R<0$.
• Figure 2: The figure illustrates the potential landscape, and the position of the droplet minima is indicated by the line. The dot represent the position of the flat space droplet minima, and the curve indicates how this minima moves when the curvature changes. The parameters have been set as in Figure \ref{['fig-01']}. The transition point where the droplets are destabilized and the minima move to zero happens for a negative value of the curvature.
• Figure 3: Flat space, droplet density. The values of the coupling have been set for this and the other figures to $g_s=0.150$ and $g_i=-0.145$ and $\xi=1$. The peak value of the droplet density corresponds to the density at the minima of the effective potential, which in this case is $0.3395$.
• Figure 4: Flat space, droplet density cross section along $x=0$ and $y=0$.
• Figure 5: Droplet density on spherical cap. Parameters have been set as in the other figures and the Ricci scalar is set equal to $2/3^2$. The peak value of the droplet density is in this case $0.3815$.