Logo
ScienceStack
Table of Contents
Fetching ...
Sign In

Fully strange tetraquark states via QCD sum rules

Bing-Dong Wan, Ji-Chong Yang

TL;DR

This study uses QCD sum rules to predict the mass spectrum of fully strange tetraquarks $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ in molecular configurations for $J^{PC}=0^{++},0^{-+},0^{--},1^{--},1^{+-},1^{++}$. By constructing $[\bar{s}s][\bar{s}s]$-type interpolating currents and applying the OPE and phenomenological representations with a Borel transform, the authors extract masses in the range $\approx 2.07$–$3.12$ GeV and identify potential connections to experimental signals such as the BESIII-observed $X(2300)$. The work emphasizes that different currents probe distinct internal structures, linking specific channels to preferred decay modes (e.g., $0^{++}$ currents to $\eta\eta$ or $\phi\phi$), and provides qualitative branching-ratio expectations to guide future searches at BESIII, Belle II, and LHCb. Additionally, the exotic $0^{--}$ channel is highlighted as a particularly clean signature of multiquark dynamics, and the results are discussed alongside recent quark-model predictions to underscore complementary perspectives on fully strange tetraquarks.

Abstract

In this paper, we have systematically explored the mass spectrum of fully strange tetraquark candidates within the framework of QCD sum rules, focusing on states with quantum numbers $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, $0^{-+}$, $0^{--}$, $1^{--}$, $1^{+-}$, and $1^{++}$. The analysis reveals the existence of fully strange tetraquark states with masses ranging from approximately $2.07$ to $3.12$ GeV. These predictions are confronted with existing experimental observations of potential fully strange tetraquark resonances, notably the $X(2300)$ recently reported by the BESIII Collaboration, which may be interpreted as a fully strange tetraquark state. Furthermore, the possible decay modes of these fully strange tetraquark states are analyzed, providing guidance for their identification in current and future high energy experiments such as BESIII, Belle II, and LHCb.

Fully strange tetraquark states via QCD sum rules

TL;DR

This study uses QCD sum rules to predict the mass spectrum of fully strange tetraquarks in molecular configurations for . By constructing -type interpolating currents and applying the OPE and phenomenological representations with a Borel transform, the authors extract masses in the range – GeV and identify potential connections to experimental signals such as the BESIII-observed . The work emphasizes that different currents probe distinct internal structures, linking specific channels to preferred decay modes (e.g., currents to or ), and provides qualitative branching-ratio expectations to guide future searches at BESIII, Belle II, and LHCb. Additionally, the exotic channel is highlighted as a particularly clean signature of multiquark dynamics, and the results are discussed alongside recent quark-model predictions to underscore complementary perspectives on fully strange tetraquarks.

Abstract

In this paper, we have systematically explored the mass spectrum of fully strange tetraquark candidates within the framework of QCD sum rules, focusing on states with quantum numbers , , , , , and . The analysis reveals the existence of fully strange tetraquark states with masses ranging from approximately to GeV. These predictions are confronted with existing experimental observations of potential fully strange tetraquark resonances, notably the recently reported by the BESIII Collaboration, which may be interpreted as a fully strange tetraquark state. Furthermore, the possible decay modes of these fully strange tetraquark states are analyzed, providing guidance for their identification in current and future high energy experiments such as BESIII, Belle II, and LHCb.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 9 sections, 18 equations, 15 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Formalism
  3. Numerical analysis
  4. Discussion on Mass Predictions and Decay Channels
  5. Interpretation of Multiple Mass Predictions
  6. Decay Channels of Fully-Strange Tetraquark States
  7. Estimates of Relative Branching Ratios
  8. Summary
  9. The ratios $R^{OPE}$, $R^{PC}$, and the masses $m$ are plopted as functions of Borel parameter $M_B^2$

Figures (15)

  • Figure 1: The typical Feynman diagrams related to the correlation function, where the solid lines stand for the quarks and the spiral ones for gluons.
  • Figure 2: (a) The ratios ${R^{OPE}_{A,0^{++}}}$ and ${R^{PC}_{A,0^{++}}}$ as functions of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$ for current (\ref{['Ja0++']}), where blue lines represent ${R^{OPE}_{A,0^{++}}}$ and red lines denote ${R^{PC}_{A,0^{++}}}$. (b) The mass of $0^{++}$ fully strange tetraquark state as a function of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$.
  • Figure 3: (a) The ratios ${R^{OPE}_{B,0^{++}}}$ and ${R^{PC}_{B,0^{++}}}$ as functions of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$ for current (\ref{['Jb0++']}), where blue lines represent ${R^{OPE}_{B,0^{++}}}$ and red lines denote ${R^{PC}_{B,0^{++}}}$. (b) The mass of $0^{++}$ fully strange tetraquark state as a function of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$.
  • Figure 4: (a) The ratios ${R^{OPE}_{C,0^{++}}}$ and ${R^{PC}_{C,0^{++}}}$ as functions of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$ for current (\ref{['Jc0++']}), where blue lines represent ${R^{OPE}_{C,0^{++}}}$ and red lines denote ${R^{PC}_{C,0^{++}}}$. (b) The mass of $0^{++}$ fully strange tetraquark state as a function of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$.
  • Figure 5: (a) The ratios ${R^{OPE}_{D,0^{++}}}$ and ${R^{PC}_{D,0^{++}}}$ as functions of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$ for current (\ref{['Jd0++']}), where blue lines represent ${R^{OPE}_{D,0^{++}}}$ and red lines denote ${R^{PC}_{D,0^{++}}}$. (b) The mass of $0^{++}$ fully strange tetraquark state as a function of the Borel parameter $M_B^2$ for different values of $\sqrt{s_0}$.
  • ...and 10 more figures