Triply heavy baryon spectroscopy revisited
Hao Zhou, Si-Qiang Luo, Xiang Liu
TL;DR
This work delivers a comprehensive, symmetry-conscious spectroscopy of triply heavy baryons $Ω_{ccc}$, $Ω_{bbb}$, $Ω_{bcc}$, and $Ω_{bbc}$ within a nonrelativistic quark model using the Gaussian Expansion Method to reach $D$-wave states. It systematically includes angular-momentum mixing and identical-particle symmetry, validating low-lying results against lattice QCD while predicting lighter excited states. Radiative decay widths are computed directly from the mass-eigenstate wave functions, revealing distinct decay patterns between fully heavy and two-heavy-one-light systems and correcting previous omissions of spin mixing. The results provide precise benchmarks for future experiments and lattice studies, and clarify mode mixing and symmetry-driven selection rules in three-quark systems.
Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of triply heavy baryons ($Ω_{ccc}$, $Ω_{bbb}$, $Ω_{bcc}$, and $Ω_{bbc}$) within the nonrelativistic quark model, employing the Gaussian expansion method to calculate mass spectra up to $D$-wave states. Our analysis represents the most complete treatment to date for this model, incorporating full angular momentum mixing effects. While our predictions for low-lying states agree well with lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) results, we find systematically lower masses for excited states compared to lattice calculations. Using the obtained wave functions, we estimate radiative decay widths up to $1D$ states, revealing significant differences from previous theoretical work. Additionally, we identify and resolve several misconceptions in prior treatments of triply heavy baryon spectroscopy, particularly symmetry constraint and wave function construction in three-quark systems. These results provide crucial information for future experimental searches and theoretical investigations of triply heavy baryon systems.