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Compact Objects in 4D Einstein Gauss Bonnet Gravity A Data Based Perspective

Puja Mukherjee, Himanshu Chaudhary, Ujjal Debnath, G. Mustafa

TL;DR

The paper investigates mass accretion of black holes and wormholes in 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity under three dark-energy parameterizations, constraining the models with Cosmic Chronometers, Pantheon+ SNe Ia, and DESI DR2 BAO data using nested sampling. The study derives H(z) for each DE form via the modified Friedmann equations and computes BH/WH mass evolution from energy-density and pressure via $\dot{M}=4\pi A M^2(\rho+p)$ for BHs and $\dot{\mathbb{M}}=-4\pi B\mathbb{M}^2(\rho+p)$ for wormholes, revealing distinct quintessence/phantom transitions depending on the DE model. Bayesian evidence strongly favors CPL and BA over $\Lambda$CDM (ln B values around 9–12), while JBP shows weaker support; CPL provides the best fit. The results indicate a dynamical DE sector within 4D EGB gravity that differentially drives cosmic expansion and dictates opposite mass evolution for BHs and wormholes, highlighting the rich phenomenology of DE-extended modified gravity models.

Abstract

Cosmic evolution is the most sensational topic among researchers of modern cosmology. This article explores cosmic evolution in 4D Einstein Gauss Bonnet gravity, focusing on mass accretion of compact objects (black holes and wormholes) by dark energy. Three DE models CPL, JBP, and BA parameterizations are studied within 4D EGB gravity, with their Hubble parameters derived and compared against observational data (Cosmic Chronometers, Type Ia Supernovae, and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations). Bayesian analysis favors the CPL and BA models, with CPL providing the best fit. For black holes, mass accretion of CPL and JBP DE shows transitions between quintessence and phantom eras, while BA and $Λ$CDM strictly exhibit quintessence-like behavior, driving cosmic acceleration. In contrast, wormholes exhibit the opposite trend, favoring a phantom-dominated era for the BA and $Λ$CDM models. The study highlights the dynamic nature of DE in 4D EGB gravity and its role in cosmic expansion.

Compact Objects in 4D Einstein Gauss Bonnet Gravity A Data Based Perspective

TL;DR

The paper investigates mass accretion of black holes and wormholes in 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity under three dark-energy parameterizations, constraining the models with Cosmic Chronometers, Pantheon+ SNe Ia, and DESI DR2 BAO data using nested sampling. The study derives H(z) for each DE form via the modified Friedmann equations and computes BH/WH mass evolution from energy-density and pressure via for BHs and for wormholes, revealing distinct quintessence/phantom transitions depending on the DE model. Bayesian evidence strongly favors CPL and BA over CDM (ln B values around 9–12), while JBP shows weaker support; CPL provides the best fit. The results indicate a dynamical DE sector within 4D EGB gravity that differentially drives cosmic expansion and dictates opposite mass evolution for BHs and wormholes, highlighting the rich phenomenology of DE-extended modified gravity models.

Abstract

Cosmic evolution is the most sensational topic among researchers of modern cosmology. This article explores cosmic evolution in 4D Einstein Gauss Bonnet gravity, focusing on mass accretion of compact objects (black holes and wormholes) by dark energy. Three DE models CPL, JBP, and BA parameterizations are studied within 4D EGB gravity, with their Hubble parameters derived and compared against observational data (Cosmic Chronometers, Type Ia Supernovae, and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations). Bayesian analysis favors the CPL and BA models, with CPL providing the best fit. For black holes, mass accretion of CPL and JBP DE shows transitions between quintessence and phantom eras, while BA and CDM strictly exhibit quintessence-like behavior, driving cosmic acceleration. In contrast, wormholes exhibit the opposite trend, favoring a phantom-dominated era for the BA and CDM models. The study highlights the dynamic nature of DE in 4D EGB gravity and its role in cosmic expansion.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 18 sections, 46 equations, 5 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction:
  2. 4-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity theory:
  3. Preface:
  4. Basic Concept and Modified Friedmann Equations:
  5. Black hole solution in 4-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity theory:
  6. Wormhole solution in 4-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity theory:
  7. Dark energy parameterization:
  8. Chevallier-Polarski-Linder CPL) Parameterization:
  9. Jassal-Bagla-Padmanabhan (JBP) Parameterization:
  10. Barboza-Alcaniz (BA) Parameterization:
  11. Methodology and Datasets
  12. Observational and Statistical Results
  13. Mass accretion phenomena of compact objects in 4-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity theory:
  14. Accretion of Dark Energy with Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) Parametrization:
  15. Accretion of Dark Energy with Jassal-Bagla-Padmanabhan (JBP) Parametrization:
  16. ...and 3 more sections

Figures (5)

  • Figure 1: Corner plot showing the 1D and 2D marginalized posterior distributions of CPL, JBP, and BA parametrizations within the framework of 4D Einstein Gauss Bonnet gravity at 68% (1$\sigma$) and 95% (2$\sigma$) confidence levels
  • Figure 2: Effects of CPL-type dark energy parameterization model in the mass accretion process of compact objects in the 4D EGB gravity background
  • Figure 3: Effects of JBP-type dark energy parameterization model in the mass accretion process of compact objects in the 4D EGB gravity background
  • Figure 4: Effects of BA-type dark energy parameterization model in the mass accretion process of compact objects in the 4D EGB gravity background
  • Figure 5: The role of the standard $\Lambda$CDM model in the mass accretion process of compact objects in the 4D EGB gravity background