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Enabling Thermal Dark Matter within the Vanilla $L_μ$-$L_τ$ Model

Nicolás Bernal, Jacinto P. Neto, Javier Silva-Malpartida, Farinaldo S. Queiroz

Abstract

Thermal dark matter is a compelling setup that has been probed by a multitude of experiments, mostly in the GeV-TeV mass range. The thermal paradigm in the sub-GeV range is about to experience the same experimental test with the next generation of low-energy accelerators and light dark matter detectors. Motivated by this, we investigate thermal dark matter in the $L_μ-L_τ$ and assess how the introduction of a matter-dominated era impacts the parameter that yields the correct relic density. Interestingly, we show that the projected experiments, such as MuSIC, FCC-ee, and LDMX, will probe a large region of the viable parameter space that yields the correct relic density. In the GeV-TeV mass regime, the usual large-scale detectors push the sensitivity. Our work highlights the rich interplay between early-universe dynamics, dark matter phenomenology, and the discovery potential of next-generation experiments.

Enabling Thermal Dark Matter within the Vanilla $L_μ$-$L_τ$ Model

Abstract

Thermal dark matter is a compelling setup that has been probed by a multitude of experiments, mostly in the GeV-TeV mass range. The thermal paradigm in the sub-GeV range is about to experience the same experimental test with the next generation of low-energy accelerators and light dark matter detectors. Motivated by this, we investigate thermal dark matter in the and assess how the introduction of a matter-dominated era impacts the parameter that yields the correct relic density. Interestingly, we show that the projected experiments, such as MuSIC, FCC-ee, and LDMX, will probe a large region of the viable parameter space that yields the correct relic density. In the GeV-TeV mass regime, the usual large-scale detectors push the sensitivity. Our work highlights the rich interplay between early-universe dynamics, dark matter phenomenology, and the discovery potential of next-generation experiments.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 23 sections, 25 equations, 9 figures.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. The Lmu - Ltau model
  3. Early matter domination
  4. Dark matter genesis
  5. Direct detection
  6. Indirect detection
  7. Dark Matter in an EMD era
  8. Discussions
  9. Experimental constraints
  10. Current constraints
  11. Effective number of neutrino species
  12. Hot white dwarf cooling
  13. The muon anomalous magnetic moment
  14. Borexino
  15. Neutrino trident production
  16. ...and 8 more sections

Figures (9)

  • Figure 1: Feynman diagram for the 1-loop kinetic mixing correction.
  • Figure 2: Energy densities (top) and SM-radiation temperature (bottom) as a function of the scale factor $a$, assuming $T_{\rm ini} = 1$ TeV and $T_{\rm fin} = T_{\rm BBN}$.
  • Figure 3: DM yield as a function of the inverse SM-radiation temperature. The thick horizontal line represents the observed DM relic abundance. The red curve shows the DM evolution including the effect of EMD, while the blue curve corresponds to the standard cosmological scenario. In this plot, we set $m_\chi = 100$ GeV, $m_{\chi} / m_{Z'} = 0.3$, $T_{\rm ini} = 1$ TeV and $T_{\rm fin} = T_{\rm BBN}$.
  • Figure 4: Bounds from DM direct detection stemming from DM-nucleon scattering (red) and DM-electron scattering (green), for different values of $m_\chi/m_{Z'}$. In gray, we show the $Z'$ boson experimental and observational bounds, see Appendix \ref{['app:current']}.
  • Figure 5: Bounds from DM indirect detection, from Fermi-LAT (green), H.E.S.S. (red), CMB anisotropies (blue), and Supernova cooling (magenta). Lastly, the gray region shows the $Z'$ boson experimental and observational bounds, see Appendix \ref{['app:current']}, combined with the DM direct detection limits.
  • ...and 4 more figures