Logo
ScienceStack
Table of Contents
Fetching ...
Sign In

Correspondence between new agegraphic dark energy and Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter in the context of \(f(T)\) gravity

Alireza Amani

TL;DR

This work addresses cosmic acceleration within a covariant $f(T)$ gravity framework by modeling the universe as three components: baryonic matter, Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter (BEC-DM), and New Agegraphic dark energy (NA-DE). It derives the modified Friedmann and continuity equations with a dark-sector interaction $Q = 3 b^2 H \rho_{dm}$ and reconstructs the $f(T)$ function from observational data using a power-law cosmology, obtaining a best-fit $m \approx 0.956$ and a present age $t_0 \approx 13.87$ Gyr. NA-DE is encoded as $\rho_{DE} = 3 n^2/(\kappa^2 \tau^2)$ with conformal time $\tau$, while DM obeys $p_{dm} = \omega_{dm} \rho_{dm}^2$, leading to an analytic DM density involving the interaction and a hypergeometric function in $f(T)$. The reconstructed $f(T)$ comprises three terms linked to baryons, NA-DE, and BEC-DM, and the model yields $\omega_{de}(z=0) \approx -0.71$ and present density parameters $\Omega_{bm0} \approx 0.04$, $\Omega_{dm0} \approx 0.27$, and $\Omega_{de0} \approx 0.69$, in agreement with Planck and large-scale structure data, while suggesting stability at early times and potential instability at late times; future work includes perturbation theory and CMB/BAO tests to further validate the framework.

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the cosmic evolution within the framework of $f(T)$ gravity using a flat-FRW background and model the universe as consisting of three components: baryonic matter, dark matter, and dark energy. We consider the new agegraphic (NA) as an alternative for dark energy and the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) as an alternative for dark matter. After that, first we obtain the Friedman equations and then we obtain the continuity equations in the presence of the interaction term between the dark components of the universe, where the interaction term represents the energy flow from dark matter to dark energy. In what follows, we plot the variation of the cosmological parameters of dark energy in terms of the redshift parameter by using the power-law cosmology. Finally, we investigate the evolution and stability of the universe and report the values of the density parameters of the universe components which confirm the present model with observational data.

Correspondence between new agegraphic dark energy and Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter in the context of \(f(T)\) gravity

TL;DR

This work addresses cosmic acceleration within a covariant gravity framework by modeling the universe as three components: baryonic matter, Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter (BEC-DM), and New Agegraphic dark energy (NA-DE). It derives the modified Friedmann and continuity equations with a dark-sector interaction and reconstructs the function from observational data using a power-law cosmology, obtaining a best-fit and a present age Gyr. NA-DE is encoded as with conformal time , while DM obeys , leading to an analytic DM density involving the interaction and a hypergeometric function in . The reconstructed comprises three terms linked to baryons, NA-DE, and BEC-DM, and the model yields and present density parameters , , and , in agreement with Planck and large-scale structure data, while suggesting stability at early times and potential instability at late times; future work includes perturbation theory and CMB/BAO tests to further validate the framework.

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the cosmic evolution within the framework of gravity using a flat-FRW background and model the universe as consisting of three components: baryonic matter, dark matter, and dark energy. We consider the new agegraphic (NA) as an alternative for dark energy and the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) as an alternative for dark matter. After that, first we obtain the Friedman equations and then we obtain the continuity equations in the presence of the interaction term between the dark components of the universe, where the interaction term represents the energy flow from dark matter to dark energy. In what follows, we plot the variation of the cosmological parameters of dark energy in terms of the redshift parameter by using the power-law cosmology. Finally, we investigate the evolution and stability of the universe and report the values of the density parameters of the universe components which confirm the present model with observational data.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 6 sections, 33 equations, 4 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Covariant $f(T)$ gravity background
  3. the modified Friedmann equations and the continuity equations
  4. NA dark energy and BEC dark matter models
  5. Reconstruction and correspondence of the model
  6. Conclusion

Figures (4)

  • Figure 1: the variations of $H(z)$ in terms of the redshift parameter.
  • Figure 2: the variations of $\rho_{de}$ and $p_{de}$ in terms of the redshift parameter.
  • Figure 3: the variations of $\omega_{de}$ in terms of the redshift parameter.
  • Figure 4: The graph of the sound speed (dimensional quantity) in terms of redshift parameter with the same values of $m = 0.956$, $n = 18$, $b = 0.807$, $\omega_{dm} = 2.5$, $\rho_{dm_0} = 4873$, $\omega_{bm} = 1$, and $\rho_{bm_0} = 545$.