Pinching-Antenna Assisted Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer

TL;DR

This work introduces a pinching-antenna system (PASS) to enable SWIPT on a single waveguide by activating multiple pinching antennas for simultaneous information delivery to IRs and wireless power transfer to ERs using non-orthogonal superposition. The authors formulate a non-convex max-sum-power problem over PA positions ${\bf x}$ and IR powers ${\bf p}^{IR}$, and solve it via alternating optimization, with a convex subproblem for power allocation and two PA-placement strategies: a high-precision element-wise method and a low-complexity linearly decreasing weight PSO (LDW-PSO). Simulation results demonstrate that PASS-based SWIPT achieves significant gains over MIMO and fixed-antenna baselines, thanks to the ability to reconfigure both large-scale and small-scale fading. The approach offers a practical pathway to enhance wireless power transfer efficiency in SWIPT systems with relatively low hardware complexity and scalable PA deployment on a waveguide.

Abstract

This letter introduces a novel pinching-antenna-system (PASS) assisted simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), where multiple pinching antennas (PAs) are strategically activiated on a waveguide to facilitate information transmission to multiple information receivers (IRs) and power transfer to multiple energy receivers (ERs) simultaneously. Leveraging the single-waveguide architecture, non-orthogonal multiple access is employed to enable the superposed transmission of information signals, eliminating the need for dedicated energy carriers by concurrently serving both the IRs and the ERs. In this letter, an optimization problem is first formulated with an objective is to maximize the sum power received at the ERs via joint optimizing the IRs power allocation and the PAs positioning. Given the challenging non-convex nature of the formulated optimization problem, it is decoupled into two sub-problems which are solved alternatively. Specifically, the power allocation subproblem is recast a convex optimization problem, and hence can be solved efficiently. Furthermore, we propose a high-precision element-wise algorithm and a low-complexity linearly decreasing weight particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the position optimization sub-problem. The numerical results demonstrate that PAs assisted SWIPT can achieve a remarkable performance gain compared to conventional system.

Figures (4)

• Figure 1: A model of SWIPT enabled by PASS.
• Figure 2: Sum power received at the ERs versus $D$.
• Figure 3: Sum power received at the ERs versus $P_B$.
• Figure 4: Sum power received at the ERs versus $M$.