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High-Precision Physics Experiments at Huizhou Large-Scale Scientific Facilities

FengPeng An, Dong Bai, Siyuan Chen, Xurong Chen, Hongyue Duyang, Leyun Gao, Shao-Feng Ge, Jun He, Junting Huang, Zhongkui Huang, Igor Ivanov, Chen Ji, Huan Jia, Junjie Jiang, Xiaolin Kang, Soo-Bong Kim, Chui-Fan Kong, Wei Kou, Qiang Li, Qite Li, Jiajun Liao, Jiajie Ling, Cheng-en Liu, Xinwen Ma, Hao Qiu, Jian Tang, Rong Wang, Weiqiang Wen, Jia-Jun Wu, Jun Xiao, Xiang Xiao, Yu Xu, Weihua Yang, Xiaofei Yang, Jiangming Yao, Ye Yuan, Mushtaq Zaiba, Pengming Zhang, Shaofeng Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Shihan Zhao, Liping Zou

TL;DR

The paper articulates a strategic plan to establish Huizhou as a premier center for high-precision nuclear and particle physics by integrating HIAF, CiADS, and the proposed CNUF. It details the Huizhou Hadron Spectrometer (HHaS) and a targeted program across six domains—eta decays for BSM searches, muon and neutrino physics, neutron physics, symmetry tests, quantum effects in nuclear physics, and vortex-beam physics—emphasizing large, medium, and small-scale projects. Key contributions include a concrete detector concept for BSM searches, a Muon program with MACE and PKMu concepts, CICENNS for CEvNS, and a neutrino program linked to JUNO for CP violation measurements, along with foundational work on muonic-atom spectroscopy and entanglement studies. The anticipated outcomes are precise tests of the Standard Model, refined nuclear theory inputs (e.g., NMEs and Schiff moments), and expanded capabilities for exploring dark matter and new interactions, with significant implications for China’s role in global high-precision nuclear physics research.

Abstract

In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System (CiADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Research Facility (CNUF), we are assembling a consortium of experts in relevant discipline--both domestically and internationally--to delineate high-precision physics experiments that leverage the state-of-the-art research environment afforded by CNUF. Our focus encompasses six primary domains of inquiry: hadron physics--including endeavors such as the super eta factory and investigations into light hadron structures; muon physics; neutrino physics; neutron physics; the testing of fundamental symmetries; and the exploration of quantum effects within nuclear physics, along with the utilization of vortex accelerators. We aim to foster a well-rounded portfolio of large, medium, and small-scale projects, thus unlocking new scientific avenues and optimizing the potential of the Huizhou large scientific facility. The aspiration for international leadership in scientific research will be a guiding principle in our strategic planning. This initiative will serve as a foundational reference for the Institute of Modern Physics in its strategic planning and goal-setting, ensuring alignment with its developmental objectives while striving to secure a competitive edge in technological advancement. Our ambition is to engage in substantive research within these realms of high-precision physics, to pursue groundbreaking discoveries, and to stimulate progress in China's nuclear physics landscape, positioning Huizhou as a preeminent global hub for advanced nuclear physics research.

High-Precision Physics Experiments at Huizhou Large-Scale Scientific Facilities

TL;DR

The paper articulates a strategic plan to establish Huizhou as a premier center for high-precision nuclear and particle physics by integrating HIAF, CiADS, and the proposed CNUF. It details the Huizhou Hadron Spectrometer (HHaS) and a targeted program across six domains—eta decays for BSM searches, muon and neutrino physics, neutron physics, symmetry tests, quantum effects in nuclear physics, and vortex-beam physics—emphasizing large, medium, and small-scale projects. Key contributions include a concrete detector concept for BSM searches, a Muon program with MACE and PKMu concepts, CICENNS for CEvNS, and a neutrino program linked to JUNO for CP violation measurements, along with foundational work on muonic-atom spectroscopy and entanglement studies. The anticipated outcomes are precise tests of the Standard Model, refined nuclear theory inputs (e.g., NMEs and Schiff moments), and expanded capabilities for exploring dark matter and new interactions, with significant implications for China’s role in global high-precision nuclear physics research.

Abstract

In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System (CiADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Research Facility (CNUF), we are assembling a consortium of experts in relevant discipline--both domestically and internationally--to delineate high-precision physics experiments that leverage the state-of-the-art research environment afforded by CNUF. Our focus encompasses six primary domains of inquiry: hadron physics--including endeavors such as the super eta factory and investigations into light hadron structures; muon physics; neutrino physics; neutron physics; the testing of fundamental symmetries; and the exploration of quantum effects within nuclear physics, along with the utilization of vortex accelerators. We aim to foster a well-rounded portfolio of large, medium, and small-scale projects, thus unlocking new scientific avenues and optimizing the potential of the Huizhou large scientific facility. The aspiration for international leadership in scientific research will be a guiding principle in our strategic planning. This initiative will serve as a foundational reference for the Institute of Modern Physics in its strategic planning and goal-setting, ensuring alignment with its developmental objectives while striving to secure a competitive edge in technological advancement. Our ambition is to engage in substantive research within these realms of high-precision physics, to pursue groundbreaking discoveries, and to stimulate progress in China's nuclear physics landscape, positioning Huizhou as a preeminent global hub for advanced nuclear physics research.
Paper Structure (37 sections, 11 equations, 11 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 37 sections, 11 equations, 11 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Huizhou Hadron Spectrometer
  3. Conceptual Design
  4. Search for Beyond-Standard-Model Physics and Test of Fundamental Symmetries with $\eta$ Meson Decays
  5. Light Hadron Physics
  6. Nuclear Matter at High Baryon Density
  7. Hypernucleus Physics
  8. Muon Physics
  9. Charged lepton flavor violation
  10. Muonium-to-antimuonium conversion.
  11. Muon rare decays.
  12. Muon-to-electron conversion.
  13. High-Precision Spectroscopy of Muonic Atoms
  14. Testing QED in extreme fields using muonic atoms.
  15. Study of nuclear properties with muonic atoms.
  16. ...and 22 more sections

Figures (11)

  • Figure 1: HHaS conceptual design.
  • Figure 2: MACE detector concept.
  • Figure 3: Internal electric field strength of muonic atom for each principal quantum numbers from n = 1 to 14, and of normal hydrogenlike atom for n = 1, as a function of atomic number Z. (Reprinted with permission from Okada:2020fjo.)
  • Figure 4: A schematic diagram of the PKMu project for exploring DM, dark bosons, CLFV, and quantum entanglement phenomena through probing and knocking with muons gao2025probingknockingmuons
  • Figure 5: Oscillation probability at HIAF-to-JUNO.
  • ...and 6 more figures