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An Online Cross-layered Defense Strategy with Bandwidth Allocation for Multi-channel Systems under DoS Attacks

Liheng Wan, Panshuo Li, James Lam

TL;DR

The paper addresses DoS attacks on multi-channel, switched-dynamics control systems by introducing an online cross-layered defense that jointly optimizes bandwidth allocation and controller gains based on real-time attack flow. It builds a unified time-varying Lyapunov framework and solves a mixed-integer semidefinite program online, with a Smart Enumeration Algorithm (SEA) that computes exact worst-case stability bounds offline. The main contributions are the state-space formulation bridging network deployment and system dynamics, the MISDP for online joint optimization, the SEA for worst-case stability analysis, and a numerical example showing strong resilience and adaptive bandwidth/controller allocation. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach improves resilience to DoS, achieves provable exponential stability under bounded attack durations, and outperforms strategies that optimize only bandwidth or only controller gains.

Abstract

This paper proposes an online cross-layered defense strategy for multi-channel systems with switched dynamics under DoS attacks. The enabling condition of a channel under attacks is formulated with respect to attack flow and channel bandwidth, then a new networked control system model bridging the gap between system dynamics and network deployment is built. Based on this, the cross-layered defense strategy is proposed. It jointly optimizes the controller gain and bandwidth allocation of channels according to the real-time attack flow and system dynamics, by solving a mixed-integer semidefinite programming online. A smart enumeration algorithm for non-convex bi-level optimization is proposed to analyze the stability under the strategy. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the high resilience from the cross-layered feature.

An Online Cross-layered Defense Strategy with Bandwidth Allocation for Multi-channel Systems under DoS Attacks

TL;DR

The paper addresses DoS attacks on multi-channel, switched-dynamics control systems by introducing an online cross-layered defense that jointly optimizes bandwidth allocation and controller gains based on real-time attack flow. It builds a unified time-varying Lyapunov framework and solves a mixed-integer semidefinite program online, with a Smart Enumeration Algorithm (SEA) that computes exact worst-case stability bounds offline. The main contributions are the state-space formulation bridging network deployment and system dynamics, the MISDP for online joint optimization, the SEA for worst-case stability analysis, and a numerical example showing strong resilience and adaptive bandwidth/controller allocation. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach improves resilience to DoS, achieves provable exponential stability under bounded attack durations, and outperforms strategies that optimize only bandwidth or only controller gains.

Abstract

This paper proposes an online cross-layered defense strategy for multi-channel systems with switched dynamics under DoS attacks. The enabling condition of a channel under attacks is formulated with respect to attack flow and channel bandwidth, then a new networked control system model bridging the gap between system dynamics and network deployment is built. Based on this, the cross-layered defense strategy is proposed. It jointly optimizes the controller gain and bandwidth allocation of channels according to the real-time attack flow and system dynamics, by solving a mixed-integer semidefinite programming online. A smart enumeration algorithm for non-convex bi-level optimization is proposed to analyze the stability under the strategy. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the high resilience from the cross-layered feature.
Paper Structure (13 sections, 8 theorems, 45 equations, 7 figures, 3 tables)

This paper contains 13 sections, 8 theorems, 45 equations, 7 figures, 3 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Preliminaries and problem formulation
  3. System framework
  4. Enabling condition of sampling channels
  5. Online cross-layered defense strategy
  6. Online cross-layered optimization
  7. Linearization of online optimization
  8. Stability analysis
  9. Worst case of online optimization
  10. Smart enumeration algorithm
  11. Stability analysis
  12. Numerical examples
  13. Conclusion

Key Result

Lemma 1

Consider system (PPLS) in the absence of attacks ($L_{i}(k)=I$), given $\alpha_{i}>0$, $i=1,2,\ldots,s$. If there exist matrices $P_{i}\succ 0$ and $G_{i}$, $Y_{i}$ with appropriate dimensions, such that then it holds $V_{i}(k+1)\leq \alpha_{i}V_{i}(k)$ under controller gain $K_{i}=Y_{i}G_{i}^{-1}$. $\Box$

Figures (7)

  • Figure 1: Illustration of multi-channel networked control systems
  • Figure 2: Illustration of sampling period
  • Figure 3: Open-loop state response of system $\Sigma$
  • Figure 4: Trajectory of bandwidth against input flow
  • Figure 5: State response under cross-layered strategy
  • ...and 2 more figures

Theorems & Definitions (23)

  • Remark 1
  • Definition 1
  • Lemma 1
  • proof
  • Lemma 2
  • proof
  • Remark 2
  • Theorem 1
  • proof
  • Proposition 1
  • ...and 13 more