Power Minimization for NOMA-assisted Pinching Antenna Systems With Multiple Waveguides
Yaru Fu, Fuchao He, Zheng Shi, Haijun Zhang
TL;DR
The paper addresses the problem of minimizing total transmit power in a NOMA-assisted pinching-antenna system with multiple dielectric waveguides under per-user rate constraints. It introduces a distributed iterative power-control algorithm based on a standard interference function, guaranteeing convergence to a unique fixed point and requiring only inter-waveguide interference information. Empirical results show rapid convergence (a few iterations) and substantial power savings compared with equal-power strategies; the minimum power as a function of waveguide interval $D$ displays an oscillatory-decay behavior tied to channel gains. This work provides a practical, scalable approach for energy-efficient next-generation wireless networks leveraging pinching antennas and NOMA, with insights into how waveguide spacing influences power requirements.
Abstract
The integration of pinching antenna systems with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has emerged as a promising technique for future 6G applications. This paper is the first to investigate power minimization for NOMA-assisted pinching antenna systems utilizing multiple dielectric waveguides. We formulate a total power minimization problem constrained by each user's minimum data requirements, addressing a classical challenge. To efficiently solve the non-convex optimization problem, we propose an iterative algorithm. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the interference function of this algorithm is standard, ensuring convergence to a unique fixed point. Numerical simulations validate that our developed algorithm converges within a few steps and significantly outperforms benchmark strategies across various data rate requirements. The results also indicate that the minimum transmit power, as a function of the interval between the waveguides, exhibits an approximately oscillatory decay with a negative trend.