AI-Powered Assistive Technologies for Visual Impairment
Prudhvi Naayini, Praveen Kumar Myakala, Chiranjeevi Bura, Anil Kumar Jonnalagadda, Srikanth Kamatala
TL;DR
The paper surveys AI-powered assistive technologies for visual impairment, focusing on computer vision, natural language processing, and wearable devices, and assesses their impact on independence, mobility, education, and social interaction. It introduces a quantitative accessibility metric $A = \frac{U_f}{U_t} \times 100$ to evaluate how effectively technologies translate available functionalities to visually impaired users. Key contributions include a structured overview of AI-enabled tools (e.g., Seeing AI, Envision Glasses, Sunu Band), a discussion of real-world applications, and a critical examination of challenges such as affordability, privacy, and usability, along with policy considerations. The paper advocates interdisciplinary collaboration, open-source development, and ethical AI practices to improve accessibility, localization, and personalization, aiming to broaden equitable access to assistive technologies for visually impaired individuals.
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing assistive technologies. It offers innovative solutions to enhance the quality of life for individuals with visual impairments. This review examines the development, applications, and impact of AI-powered tools in key domains, such as computer vision, natural language processing (NLP), and wearable devices. Specific advancements include object recognition for identifying everyday items, scene description for understanding surroundings, and NLP-driven text-to-speech systems for accessing digital information. Assistive technologies like smart glasses, smartphone applications, and AI-enabled navigation aids are discussed, demonstrating their ability to support independent travel, facilitate social interaction, and increase access to education and employment opportunities. The integration of deep learning models, multimodal interfaces, and real-time data processing has transformed the functionality and usability of these tools, fostering inclusivity and empowerment. This article also addresses critical challenges, including ethical considerations, affordability, and adaptability in diverse environments. Future directions highlight the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to refine these technologies, ensuring equitable access and sustainable innovation. By providing a comprehensive overview, this review underscores AI's transformative potential in promoting independence, enhancing accessibility, and fostering social inclusion for visually impaired individuals.