Characterizations of $H^1$ and Fefferman-Stein decompositions of ${\rm BMO}$ functions by systems of singular integrals in the Dunkl setting

TL;DR

The paper extends Uchiyama's constructive Fefferman–Stein decomposition of BMO to the rational Dunkl setting on $\mathbb{R}^N$ with a root system and multiplicities, under a rank condition on a system of Dunkl multipliers. It develops a comprehensive framework of regular Dunkl kernels, translation and multiplier estimates, and Chang–Fefferman decompositions, leading to a constructive decomposition of compactly supported ${\rm BMO}$ functions and a Hardy space characterization $H^1_{\rm Dunkl}$ via a system of singular integrals. The approach combines Calderón reproducing formulas, atomic decompositions, Carleson-measure arguments, and a detailed Uchiyama-type induction to produce explicit bound-controlling decompositions. As a corollary, the Hardy space $H^1_{\rm Dunkl}$ is characterized by the system $(\mathrm{Id}, \mathbf S^{\{1\}}, \dots, \mathbf S^{\{d\}})$, providing a Dunkl-analytic analogue of classical Fefferman–Stein theory with applications to duality with ${\rm BMO}(\mathbf X)$ and subspace descriptions via Dunkl multipliers.

Abstract

We extend the classical theorem of Uchiyama about constructive Fefferman-Stein decompositions of ${\rm BMO}$ functions by systems of singular integrals to the rational Dunkl setting. On $\mathbb{R}^N$ equipped with a root system $R$ and a multiplicity function $k \geq 0$, let \[ dw(\mathbf{x}) = \prod_{α\in R} |\langle α, \mathbf{x} \rangle|^{k(α)} \, d\mathbf{x} \] denote the associated measure, and let $\mathcal{F}$ stand for the Dunkl transform. Consider a system $(θ_0, θ_1, θ_2, \dots, θ_d)$ of functions on $\mathbb{R}^N$ that are smooth away from the origin and homogeneous of degree zero, with $θ_0(ξ) \equiv 1$. We prove that if \[ \text{rank} \left( \begin{array}{ccccc} 1 & θ_1(ξ) & θ_2(ξ) & \ldots & θ_d(ξ) \\ 1 & θ_1(-ξ) & θ_2(-ξ) & \ldots & θ_d(-ξ) \end{array} \right) = 2 \quad \text{for all } ξ\in \mathbb{R}^N \text{ with } \|ξ\| = 1, \] then any compactly supported ${\rm BMO}(\mathbb{R}^N, \|\mathbf{x} - \mathbf{y}\|, dw)$ function $f$ can be decomposed into \[ f = g_0 + \sum_{j=1}^d \mathbf{S}^{\{j\}} g_j, \quad \left\| \sum_{j=0}^d g_j \right\|_{L^\infty} \leq C \|f\|_{\rm BMO}, \] where $\mathbf{S}^{\{j\}} g = \mathcal{F}^{-1}(θ_j \mathcal{F}g)$. As a corollary, we obtain characterizations of the Hardy space $H^1_{\rm Dunkl}$ by the system of singular integral operators $({\rm Id}, \mathbf{S}^{\{1\}}, \mathbf{S}^{\{2\}}, \dots, \mathbf{S}^{\{d\}})$.

Theorems & Definitions (44)

• Theorem 1.2
• Theorem 1.3
• Theorem 2.13
• Proposition 3.4: Uchiyama
• Theorem 3.7
• proof
• Theorem 3.8
• Lemma 4.1
• Proposition 4.5
• proof