An Extensive and Methodical Review of Smart Grids for Sustainable Energy Management-Addressing Challenges with AI, Renewable Energy Integration and Leading-edge Technologies
Parag Biswas, Abdur Rashid, abdullah al masum, MD Abdullah Al Nasim, A. S. M Anas Ferdous, Kishor Datta Gupta, Angona Biswas
TL;DR
The paper addresses the challenge of sustainable energy management in the presence of intermittent renewables and rapid electric vehicle adoption by reviewing smart grid technology and AI-enabled approaches. It surveys smart grid components, energy management systems and demand-response frameworks, and renewable integration strategies, highlighting how AI, data analytics, IoT, and cybersecurity intersect with grid operations. Key contributions include a structured synthesis of challenges, architectures, and future research directions, with concrete examples such as Bayesian load forecasting and DER integration. The work provides a knowledge base and guidance for researchers, utilities, and policymakers seeking to deploy AI-enabled smart grids that improve reliability, efficiency, and emissions performance.
Abstract
Energy management decreases energy expenditures and consumption while simultaneously increasing energy efficiency, reducing carbon emissions, and enhancing operational performance. Smart grids are a type of sophisticated energy infrastructure that increase the generation and distribution of electricity's sustainability, dependability, and efficiency by utilizing digital communication technologies. They combine a number of cutting-edge techniques and technology to improve energy resource management. A large amount of research study on the topic of smart grids for energy management has been completed in the last several years. The authors of the present study want to cover a number of topics, including smart grid benefits and components, technical developments, integrating renewable energy sources, using artificial intelligence and data analytics, cybersecurity, and privacy. Smart Grids for Energy Management are an innovative field of study aiming at tackling various difficulties and magnifying the efficiency, dependability, and sustainability of energy systems, including: 1) Renewable sources of power like solar and wind are intermittent and unpredictable 2) Defending smart grid system from various cyber-attacks 3) Incorporating an increasing number of electric vehicles into the system of power grid without overwhelming it. Additionally, it is proposed to use AI and data analytics for better performance on the grid, reliability, and energy management. It also looks into how AI and data analytics can be used to optimize grid performance, enhance reliability, and improve energy management. The authors will explore these significant challenges and ongoing research. Lastly, significant issues in this field are noted, and recommendations for further work are provided.