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Scalability Analysis of 5G-TSN Applications in Indoor Factory Settings

Kouros Zanbouri, Md. Noor-A-Rahim, Dirk Pesch

TL;DR

This paper investigates the scalability of 5G-TSN for indoor factory applications using OMNeT++ simulations that integrate the 3GPP Indoor Factory Profile into a 5G-TSN network. It analyzes deterministic communication for TSN traffic over 5G by examining different indoor factory channel profiles (InF-SL, InF-DL, InF-SH, InF-DH, InF-HH) and traffic classes with priority-based scheduling, CBS shaping, and 5QI-based QoS. The results indicate that 5G-TSN can provide bounded end-to-end delay for latency-sensitive applications, with performance strongly dependent on radio conditions, UE density, and deployment geometry; low-base-station placements generally yield better SINR and reliability, while dense clutter and high BS positions degrade performance. The study establishes a baseline for 5G-TSN scalability in indoor factories and points to future work in more complex deployments, heavier network loads, tighter synchronization, and real-world validation within factory automation ecosystems.

Abstract

While technologies such as Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) improve deterministic behaviour, real-time functionality, and robustness of Ethernet, future industrial networks aim to be increasingly wireless. While wireless networks facilitate mobility, reduce cost, and simplify deployment, they do not always provide stringent latency constraints and highly dependable data transmission as required by many manufacturing systems. The advent of 5G, with its Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) capabilities, offers potential for wireless industrial networks. 5G offers elevated data throughput, very low latency, and negligible jitter. As 5G networks typically include wired connections from the base station to the core network, integration of 5G with time-sensitive networking is essential to provide rigorous QoS standards. This paper assesses the scalability of 5G-TSN for various indoor factory applications and conditions using OMNET++ simulation. Our research shows that 5G-TSN has the potential to provide bounded delay for latency-sensitive applications in scalable indoor factory settings.

Scalability Analysis of 5G-TSN Applications in Indoor Factory Settings

TL;DR

This paper investigates the scalability of 5G-TSN for indoor factory applications using OMNeT++ simulations that integrate the 3GPP Indoor Factory Profile into a 5G-TSN network. It analyzes deterministic communication for TSN traffic over 5G by examining different indoor factory channel profiles (InF-SL, InF-DL, InF-SH, InF-DH, InF-HH) and traffic classes with priority-based scheduling, CBS shaping, and 5QI-based QoS. The results indicate that 5G-TSN can provide bounded end-to-end delay for latency-sensitive applications, with performance strongly dependent on radio conditions, UE density, and deployment geometry; low-base-station placements generally yield better SINR and reliability, while dense clutter and high BS positions degrade performance. The study establishes a baseline for 5G-TSN scalability in indoor factories and points to future work in more complex deployments, heavier network loads, tighter synchronization, and real-world validation within factory automation ecosystems.

Abstract

While technologies such as Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) improve deterministic behaviour, real-time functionality, and robustness of Ethernet, future industrial networks aim to be increasingly wireless. While wireless networks facilitate mobility, reduce cost, and simplify deployment, they do not always provide stringent latency constraints and highly dependable data transmission as required by many manufacturing systems. The advent of 5G, with its Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) capabilities, offers potential for wireless industrial networks. 5G offers elevated data throughput, very low latency, and negligible jitter. As 5G networks typically include wired connections from the base station to the core network, integration of 5G with time-sensitive networking is essential to provide rigorous QoS standards. This paper assesses the scalability of 5G-TSN for various indoor factory applications and conditions using OMNET++ simulation. Our research shows that 5G-TSN has the potential to provide bounded delay for latency-sensitive applications in scalable indoor factory settings.
Paper Structure (13 sections, 13 equations, 8 figures, 2 tables)

This paper contains 13 sections, 13 equations, 8 figures, 2 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Preliminaries
  3. Time-Sensitive Networking
  4. Time-synchronization
  5. High availability and ultra-reliability
  6. Bounded low latency
  7. Resource management
  8. 5G and wireless TSN
  9. System Model and Scenarios
  10. Indoor Factory Channel Modelling
  11. Scenario/Use-Case
  12. Simulation Results and Discussion
  13. Conclusion

Figures (8)

  • Figure 1: 5G-TSN Indoor Factory Setting
  • Figure 2: 5G-TSN network topology with n UEs connected to the TSN domain, with a focus on traffic transmission at the TSN Switch
  • Figure 3: SINR Distribution by Profile and No. of UEs in downlink transmission
  • Figure 4: SINR Distribution by Profile and No. of UEs in uplink transmission
  • Figure 5: End-to-End delay for the downlink transmission across different InF profiles and varying numbers of UEs
  • ...and 3 more figures