Bidirectional Charging Use Cases: Innovations in E-Mobility and Power-Grid Flexibility
Shangqing Wang, Juan A. Cabrera, Frank H. P. Fitzek
TL;DR
The paper investigates how bidirectional charging (V2X) can bolster grid stability and enable sustainable urban mobility in Dresden's Ostra district, with V2H and V2B as pragmatic precursors to full V2G. It frames two pilot projects under the Mobilities for EU program to validate V2H/V2B and V2G concepts, using simulations, phased testing, and real-world validation to bridge theory and practice. The work catalogs business use cases, analyzes regulatory and technical barriers, and proposes a staged deployment strategy that builds on existing infrastructure and case-study lessons from Europe and beyond. The findings suggest that building-integrated and backup-energy applications can deliver near-term benefits while laying the groundwork for scalable V2G adoption, potentially improving grid flexibility, resilience, and renewable energy integration in urban settings.
Abstract
This paper explores the potential of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) technology to enhance grid stability and support sustainable mobility in Dresden's Ostra district. By enabling electric vehicles to serve as mobile energy storage units, V2X offers grid stabilization and new business opportunities. We examine pilot projects and business use cases, focusing on Building Integrated Vehicle Energy Solutions (BIVES) and Resilient Energy Storage and Backup (RESB) as stepping stones towards full Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) implementation. Our analysis highlights the feasibility, advantages, and challenges of implementing V2X in urban settings, underscoring its significant role in transitioning to a resilient, low-carbon urban energy system. The paper concludes with recommendations for addressing technical, regulatory, and business model challenges to accelerate V2X adoption in Dresden and beyond.