Logo
ScienceStack
Table of Contents
Fetching ...
Sign In

A reaction network approach to modeling carbon dioxide removal systems

Noel Fortun, Piolo Gaspar, Editha Jose, Angelyn Lao, Eduardo Mendoza, Luis Razon

TL;DR

This work develops the Reaction Network Carbon Dioxide Removal (RNCDR) framework, unifying the Anderies pre-industrial subnetwork, fossil fuel emissions, carbon capture, and storage into a power-law kinetic CRN to assess multistationarity and absolute concentration robustness under negative emissions technologies. By applying CRNT tools (ACR analysis, injectivity, and the Deficiency-One Algorithm) to BECCS and Afforestation/Reforestation (AR), the authors show that these mature NETs can exhibit tipping-point-like multiplicity under specific kinetic orders, while ACR is restricted to a subset of species (notably $A_1$ in many cases). BECCS and AR share similar network structure and stoichiometry (deficiency one PL-RDK systems), with multistationarity depending on kinetic-order signs such as $p_1>p_2>1$ and $q_1>q_2>0$. The framework enables rapid, parameter-robust screening of NETs for potential tipping behavior and provides conditions under which CO$_2$ removal could be robust or vulnerable to multiple steady states, informing NET design and policy decisions.

Abstract

This paper focuses on what we call Reaction Network Cardon Dioxide Removal (RNDCR) framework to analyze several proposed negative emissions technologies (NETs) so as to determine when present-day Earth carbon cycle system would exhibit multistationarity (steady-state multiplicity) or possibly monostationarity, that will in effect lower the rising earth temperature. Using mathematical modeling based on the techniques of chemical reaction network theory (CRNT), we propose an RNDCR system consisting of the Anderies subnetwork, fossil fuel emission reaction, the carbon capture subnetwork and the carbon storage subnetwork. The RNCDR framework analysis was done in the cases of two NETs: Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage and Afforestation/Reforestation. It was found out that these two methods of carbon dioxide removal are almost similar with respect to their network properties and their capacities to exhibit multistationarity and absolute concentration robustness in certain species.

A reaction network approach to modeling carbon dioxide removal systems

TL;DR

This work develops the Reaction Network Carbon Dioxide Removal (RNCDR) framework, unifying the Anderies pre-industrial subnetwork, fossil fuel emissions, carbon capture, and storage into a power-law kinetic CRN to assess multistationarity and absolute concentration robustness under negative emissions technologies. By applying CRNT tools (ACR analysis, injectivity, and the Deficiency-One Algorithm) to BECCS and Afforestation/Reforestation (AR), the authors show that these mature NETs can exhibit tipping-point-like multiplicity under specific kinetic orders, while ACR is restricted to a subset of species (notably in many cases). BECCS and AR share similar network structure and stoichiometry (deficiency one PL-RDK systems), with multistationarity depending on kinetic-order signs such as and . The framework enables rapid, parameter-robust screening of NETs for potential tipping behavior and provides conditions under which CO removal could be robust or vulnerable to multiple steady states, informing NET design and policy decisions.

Abstract

This paper focuses on what we call Reaction Network Cardon Dioxide Removal (RNDCR) framework to analyze several proposed negative emissions technologies (NETs) so as to determine when present-day Earth carbon cycle system would exhibit multistationarity (steady-state multiplicity) or possibly monostationarity, that will in effect lower the rising earth temperature. Using mathematical modeling based on the techniques of chemical reaction network theory (CRNT), we propose an RNDCR system consisting of the Anderies subnetwork, fossil fuel emission reaction, the carbon capture subnetwork and the carbon storage subnetwork. The RNCDR framework analysis was done in the cases of two NETs: Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage and Afforestation/Reforestation. It was found out that these two methods of carbon dioxide removal are almost similar with respect to their network properties and their capacities to exhibit multistationarity and absolute concentration robustness in certain species.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 38 sections, 18 theorems, 76 equations, 3 figures, 11 tables.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Power-law kinetic representation of an Earth system model
  3. Chemical reaction network representation
  4. Power-law kinetics
  5. The Reaction Network Carbon Dioxide Removal (RNCDR) Framework
  6. A brief review of Anderies pre-industrial systems
  7. Species set of an RNCDR network
  8. Total Carbon Stock
  9. CDR Storage Species
  10. Complexes and reactions of an RNCDR
  11. Kinetics of an RNCDR system
  12. TCS parameters of a CDR technology
  13. Kinetics of the emission reaction $R_5$
  14. Structure of the kinetic order matrix
  15. Classes and Anderies decomposition of an RNCDR system
  16. ...and 23 more sections

Key Result

Proposition 3.1

Any $AND_{Q_0}$ system is monostationary and has ACR only in $A_1$.

Figures (3)

  • Figure 1: The pre-industrial carbon cycle model based from Anderies et al. ANDE2013. In the box model, the boxes represent the different pools, solid arrows indicate the transfer of carbon from one pool to another, and dashed arrows indicate the pools that influence a carbon transfer.
  • Figure 2: A carbon cycle with BECCS.
  • Figure 3: The schematic diagram of AR system

Theorems & Definitions (58)

  • Remark 2.1
  • Definition 3.1
  • Remark 3.1
  • Proposition 3.1
  • proof
  • Remark 3.2
  • Remark 3.3
  • Proposition 3.2
  • proof
  • Example 1
  • ...and 48 more