Generative AI Literacy: Twelve Defining Competencies

TL;DR

The paper addresses the lack of a generative AI–specific literacy framework by proposing a 12-competency, competency-based model organized as a progressive learning path. It employs a non-systematic literature review and a preliminary database scan to justify the model, and then detail each competency with examples and implications. The work contributes a structured framework to guide individuals, educators, and policymakers toward informed interaction, critical evaluation, and responsible creation with generative AI, with particular emphasis on public-sector relevance and future research directions. This model aims to enable informed decision-making, education, and policy development, potentially guiding a global standard for generative AI literacy as AI technologies continue to evolve.

Abstract

This paper introduces a competency-based model for generative artificial intelligence (AI) literacy covering essential skills and knowledge areas necessary to interact with generative AI. The competencies range from foundational AI literacy to prompt engineering and programming skills, including ethical and legal considerations. These twelve competencies offer a framework for individuals, policymakers, government officials, and educators looking to navigate and take advantage of the potential of generative AI responsibly. Embedding these competencies into educational programs and professional training initiatives can equip individuals to become responsible and informed users and creators of generative AI. The competencies follow a logical progression and serve as a roadmap for individuals seeking to get familiar with generative AI and for researchers and policymakers to develop assessments, educational programs, guidelines, and regulations.

Figures (1)

• Figure 1: Diagram of the 12 generative-AI competencies