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New Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation at High Redshifts from Multiband of GRBs

Mingyue Chen, Jun Tian, Yu Pan, Tonghua Liu, Shuo Cao

Abstract

In the gravity quantum theory, the quantization of spacetime may lead to the modification of the dispersion relation between the energy and the momentum and the Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). High energy and long-distance gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observations in the universe provide a unique opportunity to test the possibility of LIV. In this work, we use 88 time delays from GRBs ($0.117 < z < 6.29$), and provide a cosmological model-independent approach based on the luminosity distance data from 174 GRBs to test LIV. Combining the observation data from multiband of GRBs provides us with an opportunity to mitigate the potential systematic errors arising from variations in the physical characteristics among diverse object populations, and to add a higher redshift dataset for testing the energy-dependent velocity caused by the corrected dispersion relationship of photons. These robust limits of the energy scale for the linear and quadratic LIV effects are $E_{\mathrm{QG},1} \ge 1.5\times 10^{15}$ GeV, and $E_{\mathrm{QG},2} \ge 8.5\times 10^{9}$ GeV, respectively. It exhibits a significantly reduced value compared to the energy scale of Planck in both scenarios of linear and quadratic LIV.

New Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation at High Redshifts from Multiband of GRBs

Abstract

In the gravity quantum theory, the quantization of spacetime may lead to the modification of the dispersion relation between the energy and the momentum and the Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). High energy and long-distance gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observations in the universe provide a unique opportunity to test the possibility of LIV. In this work, we use 88 time delays from GRBs (), and provide a cosmological model-independent approach based on the luminosity distance data from 174 GRBs to test LIV. Combining the observation data from multiband of GRBs provides us with an opportunity to mitigate the potential systematic errors arising from variations in the physical characteristics among diverse object populations, and to add a higher redshift dataset for testing the energy-dependent velocity caused by the corrected dispersion relationship of photons. These robust limits of the energy scale for the linear and quadratic LIV effects are GeV, and GeV, respectively. It exhibits a significantly reduced value compared to the energy scale of Planck in both scenarios of linear and quadratic LIV.

Paper Structure

This paper contains 10 sections, 16 equations, 3 figures, 1 table.

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Time Delay of Lorentz Invariance Violation
  3. Data-set of GRBs and Model-independent methods
  4. Data-set of GRBs
  5. Methods
  6. Results and Discussion
  7. LIV Energy Scale Constraints
  8. Intrinsic Time Delay Constraints
  9. Intrinsic Delay Model Comparison
  10. conclusion

Figures (3)

  • Figure 1: Reconstructed $K(z)$ as a function of redshift for $n=1$ (orange) and $n=2$ (blue). The shaded regions represent the $1\sigma$ uncertainties.
  • Figure 2: The individual probability distribution of each parameter and the confidence contours in two dimensions for the parameters $log_{10}E_{QG}$, $\tau$, and $\alpha$ in 1$\sigma$ (considering linear LIV scenario with n = 1), the light is the 68% contour, and the dark is the 95% contour.
  • Figure 3: The individual probability distribution of each parameter and the confidence contours in two dimensions for the parameters $\log_{10}E_{QG}$, $\tau$, and $\alpha$ in 1$\sigma$ (considering quadratic LIV scenario with n = 2), the light is the 68% contour, and the dark is the 95% contour.