A Comprehensive Survey on Dynamic Software Updating Techniques in IoTs
Madhav Neupane
TL;DR
The paper investigates Dynamic Software Updating (DSU) techniques in IoT by reviewing eight representative works to understand where DSU is applied, what program changes are supported, and the strengths and limitations of existing tools. It presents a taxonomy of DSU approaches, contrasts OTA, virtualization, containers, and model-based updates, and analyzes security, energy, and availability trade-offs across automotive, smart city, and IoT contexts. Key contributions include a comparative framework, an assessment of proposed solutions like container-based updates, Adaptive AUTOSAR integration, and the Cetratus framework, and a roadmap of open challenges such as secure dissemination, autonomous update timing, and edge/fog deployment. The findings are intended to guide researchers, practitioners, and policymakers toward robust, scalable, and secure DSU strategies that enhance IoT resilience, functionality, and sustainability in a connected world.
Abstract
This comprehensive survey paper provides an in-depth analysis of Dynamic Software Updating (DSU) techniques in the Internet of Things (IoT). This study critically examines eight significant research papers that employ diverse methodologies to address the challenges of DSU in IoT devices. The primary objectives include comparative analysis to identify the application domains of DSU tools, classification of program alterations accommodated by these systems, evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various DSU tools, and identification of potential paths for future research. This paper emphasizes the critical function of DSU in improving energy efficiency, extending operational durability, and bolstering security within IoT environments that demand high availability, including applications in smart cities and connected vehicles. It delves into the basic approaches and mechanisms of DSU, ranging from traditional methods to advanced practices like Over-the-Air updates and container-based solutions. This survey highlights the evolving nature of DSU techniques, balancing operational efficiency, security, and adaptability amidst the complexities of diverse IoT applications. Through this exploration, the paper aims to guide future developments in DSU strategies, enhancing IoT devices' resilience, functionality, and sustainability in a connected world. The insights from this survey are pivotal for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in shaping effective DSU strategies to meet the growing needs of the IoT ecosystem.